Policy Perspectives interviewed four senior experts on Afghanistan to understand the current state of affairs regarding Afghanistan and Pakistan-Afghanistan relations in the broader perspective of history, ideology, and culture. The experts included the former ambassador of Pakistan to Afghanistan and current Vice Chairman Institute of Policy Studies (IPS), Islamabad, Syed Abrar Hussain; Director, Pakistan Study Center, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Professor Dr Fakhr-ul-Islam; former Director General (Afghanistan) at Pakistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador (r) Ayaz Wazir; and Defense Analyst Brigadier (r) Said Nazir. The interactions with these experts though held separately are presented together.