Offshoring Danish jobs to Germany: regional effects and challenges to workers&apos; organisation in the slaughterhouse industry

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Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation

Volume 6, Issue 2

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Offshoring Danish jobs to Germany: regional effects and challenges to workers' organisation in the slaughterhouse industry

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Author(s): Bjarke Refslund

Publication date (Print): Autumn 2012

Journal: Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation

Publisher: Pluto Journals

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Abstract

Increasing internationalisation of production is often seen as causing an erosion of West European social systems and, in particular, the worker's position, but the macro-level empirical evidence is often flawed. This article provides evidence based on a case study of Danish slaughterhouses that offshoring strongly affects the power relations within the industry. These changes in industrial relations can largely be explained by developments in the German slaughterhouse industry and changes in European legislation which have greatly influenced a shift towards more precarious employment in slaughterhouses, using the work of subcontracted workers from Eastern Europe. This article analyses the significant role played by European integration and globalisation in altering the international division of labour and employer-employee relations.

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Journal ID (doi): 10.13169

Journal ID (publisher-id): workorgalaboglob

Title: Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 1745641X

ISSN (Electronic): 17456428

Publication date (Print): Autumn 2012

Volume: 6

Issue: 2

Pages: 113-129

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Publisher ID: workorgalaboglob.6.2.0113

DOI: 10.13169/workorgalaboglob.6.2.0113

SO-VID: 46490c30-13c7-4b1d-980f-f67bbf8ba22c

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Sociology,Labor law,Political science,Labor & Demographic economics,Political economics

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Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Andersen, S. K. (2005) Medarbejderindflydelse mellem decentralisering og globalisering. Et notat om tillidsvalgte og indflydelse på virksomheden , København: FAOS.

[2] Baldwin, R. (2006). Globalisation: the great unbundling(s) , Helsinki: Prime Ministers office/Economic Council of Finland.

[3] Banyuls, J. & T. Haipeter (2010) ‘Against erosion of labour standards: global reorganisation of value chains and industrial relations in European motor industry’, Work organisation, labour & globalisation , 4(1):57–70.

[4] Bhagwati, J. (1995) Trade and wages: choosing among alternative explanations. FRBNY Economic Policy Review:42–47.

[5] Blinder, A. S. (2006) ‘Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?’, Foreign Affairs , 85(2):113–128.

[6] Bonoli, G., V. George & P. Taylor-Gooby (2000) European welfare futures: towards a theory of retrenchment , Oxford: Polity Press.

[7] Burr, H. (2006) Arbejdsmiljø i Danmark 2005 , København: Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet.

[8] Bücker, A. & W. Warneck (2010) Viking – Laval – Rüffert: Consequences and policy perspectives , Bruxelles: ETUI.

[9] Carley, M. (2010) Developments in industrial action 2005–2009 , Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

[10] Crinó, R. (2009) ‘Offshoring, Multinationals and Labour Market: A Review of the Empirical Literature’ Journal of Economic Surveys , 23(2):197–249.

[11] Danish Crown Annual Report (several years) Published by Danish Crown, Randers.

[12] Danish Working Environment Authority (2010) Arbejdsulykker. Anmeldte arbejdsulykker 2004–09: Arbejdstilsynets årsopgørelse 2009 , København: Arbejdstilsynet.

[13] Davidson, C. & S.J. Matusz (2008) ‘Globalisation and Turnover’, D. Greenaway, R. Upward, & P. Wright (eds) Globalisation and Labour Market Adjustment , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 6–30

[14] Doellgast, V. & I. Greer (2007) ‘Vertical Disintegration and the Disorganization of German Industrial Relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 45(1):55–76.

[15] Due, J. & J. S. Madsen (2004) Forskningsnotat nr. 47: Overenskomstforhandlingerne 2004 , Optakt, forløb, afstemning, København: FAOS.

[16] Due, J. & J.S. Madsen (2010) Forskningsnotat 109: Ny magtfordeling i overenskomstspillet , København: FAOS.

[17] Dumont, M., G. Rayp & P. Willemé (2006) ‘Does internationalization affect union bargaining power?’, Oxford Economic Papers , 58(1):77–102.

[18] Dunning, J. H. & S.M. Lundan (2008) Multinational enterprises and the global economy (second edition), Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

[19] Dølvik, J. E. (2007) The Nordic regime of Labour Market Governance: from Crisis to Succes-Story? (Fafo-paper 2007:07) Oslo: Institute for Labour and Social Research.

[20] EIRO-online. (2009) Industrial relations country profiles . Accessed on 12, December, 2011 from: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/country/germany.pdf.

[21] Edwards, P. (2005) ‘The challenging but promising future of industrial relations: developing theory and method in context-sensitive research’, Industrial Relations Journal 36(4):264–282.

[22] Eriksson, T., R. Ibsen, J. Li & N. Westergård-Nielsen (2006) Globalisering og det danske arbejdsmarked , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.

[23] Esping-Andersen, G. (1985) Politics against markets: The social democratic road to power , Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

[24] FAOS (2004) FAOS Yearbook 2004 , København: FAOS.

[25] Feenstra, R. C. (2010) Offshoring in the Global Economy , Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

[26] Feenstra, R. C. & G.H. Hanson (1996) ‘Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality’, The American Economic Review , 86(2):240–245.

[27] Flecker, J. (2010) ‘Fragmenting labour: organisational restructuring, employment relations and the dynamics of national regulatory frameworks’, Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation , 4(1):8–23.

[28] Galenson, W. (1952) The Danish System of Labor Relations: A Study of Industrial Peace , Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University.

[29] Gereffi, G. (2005) ‘The Global Economy: Organization, Governance, and Development’ in N.J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (eds.) The handbook of economic sociology , Princeton: Princeton University Press: (Chapter 8)

[30] Gereffi, G. & M. Korzeniewicz (1994) Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism , Westport, Conn.: Praeger.

[31] Gerring, J. (2007) Case Study Research: Principles and Practices , New York: Cambridge University Press.

[32] Glyn, A. (2006) Capitalism Unleashed , Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[33] Goul Andersen, J. (2006) ‘Velfærdsstat og global konkurrence: Sætter globaliseringen den danske velfærdsmodel under pres?’ Økonomi og Politik , 79(1):20–41.

[34] Grossman, G. M. & E. Rossi-Hansberg (2008). ‘Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Offshoring’, American Economic Review , 98(5):1978–97.

[35] Gustavsen, B. (2007) ‘Work Organization and “the Scandinavian Model” Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(4):650–71.

[36] Hall, P. A. & D.W. Soskice (2001) Varieties of Capitalism : ohe Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage , Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[37] Hamann, K. (2006) Konkurrenceevnen i den globale svineslagteriindustri – Sammendrag , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling (IFAU).

[38] Hamann, K. (2009) Analyse af den tyske svineslagterisektor. Priser, omkostninger og konkurrencekraft , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.

[39] Hamann, K. (2010) The European Red Meat Industry - Present situation and factors shaping the industry , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.

[40] Hansen, B. G. (2005) Slaughterhouse Work And The Babel-Effect. Occupational case study of production workers in the food industry, Denmark . Unpublished case study report, WORKS project, Leuven: HIVA.

[41] Hasle, P. & N. Møller (2007) ‘From Conflict to Shared Development: Social Capital in a Tayloristic Environment’, Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(3):401–429.

[42] Hassel, A. (1999) ‘The erosion of the German system of industrial relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 37(3):483–505.

[43] Hay, C. (2006) ‘What's Globalization Got to Do with It? Economic Interdependence and the Future of European Welfare States’, Government and Opposition , 41(1):1–22.

[44] Held, D., A. G. McGrew, D. Goldblatt & J. Perraton (1999) Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture , Stanford: Stanford University Press.

[45] Hirst, P., G. Thompson & S. Bromley (2009) Globalization in question (Third edition), Cambridge: Polity Press.

[46] Huber, E. & J. Stephens (2001) Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets , Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

[47] Ibsen, C. L. & S.K. Andersen (2010) Resumé af OK 2010-forløbet. Accessed on 8 July, 2011, from http://faos.ku.dk/temasider/ok-forhandlinger/2010/resume/

[48] Ibsen, F., L. Høgedahl & S. Scheuer (2012) Kollektiv handling: faglig organisering og skift af fagforening , Frederiksberg: Nyt fra Samfundsvidenskaberne.

[49] Jensen, C. S. (2007) Arbejdsmarkedsrelationer i Danmark: fra konfliktbaseret konsensus til konsesusbaseret konflikt: Industrial Relations traditionen og de industrielle relationer i en dansk kontekst , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.

[50] Jensen, P. D. Ø. & T. Pedersen (2011) ‘The Economic Geography of Offshoring: The Fit between Activities and Local Context’, Journal of Management Studies , 48(2):352–372.

[51] Joebges, H., C. Logeay, D. Peters, S. Stephan & R. Zweiner (2008) Deutsche Arbeitskosten steigen im europäischen Vergleich nur gering. Auswertung der aktuellen Eurostat-Statistik , Düsseldorf: Institut für Makroökonomie und Konjunkturforschung, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung.

[52] Kenworthy, L. (2003) ‘Do Affluent Countries Face an Incomes-Jobs Trade-Off?’, Comparative Political Studies , 36(10):1180–1209.

[53] Korpi, W. (1983) The Democratic Class Struggle , London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

[54] Korpi, W. (2006) ‘Power Resources and Employer-Centered Approaches in Explanations of Welfare States and Varieties of Capitalism: Protagonists, Consenters, and Antagonists’, World Politics , 58(2):167–187.

[55] Kristensen, T. S. (1994) Arbejdsmiljø, stress og helbred i den danske slagteribranche , København: FADL.

[56] Lash, S. & J. Urry (1987) The End of Organized Capitalism , Cambridge: Polity.

[57] Lehndorff, S., G. Bosch, T. Haipeter & E. Latniak (2009) ‘From the “Sick Man” to the “Overhauled Engine” of Europe? Upheaval in the German Model’, G. Bosch, S. Lehndorff & J. Rubery (eds.) European Employment Models in Flux , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 105–130.

[58] Lommerud, K. E., F. Meland, & O.R. Straume (2009) ‘Can Deunionization Lead to International Outsourcing?’ Journal of International Economics , 77(1):109–119.

[59] Moene, K. O. & M. Wallerstein (2008) Earnings Equality and Welfare Spending: Selected works of Michael Wallerstein , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[60] Nielsen, P., R. N. Nielsen, S. G. Bamberger, K. Fonager, A. L. Vinding, A. Larsen, Ø. Omland & P. Ryom (2011) ‘Globaliseringsparat? Om udviklingen af danske virksomheder mod globaliseringen - et dynamisk ressourceperspektiv’, Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv , 13(3):12–29.

[61] Oesch, D. (2010) ‘What explains high unemployment among low-skilled workers? Evidence from 21 OECD countries’, European Journal of Industrial Relations , 16(1):39–55.

[62] Offe, C. (1985) Disorganized Capitalism : Contemporary Transformations of Work and Politics , Cambridge: Polity.

[63] Olsen, K. B., R. Ibsen & N. Westergaard-Nielsen (2004) Does Outsourcing Create Unemployment? The case of the Danish Textile and Clothing Industry , Aarhus: Center for Corporate Performance, Aarhus School of Business.

[64] Pierson, P. (2011) ‘The welfare state over the very long run’, ZeSArbeitspapier 02/2011, Accessed on April, 4, 2012 from: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/46215.

[65] Pontusson, J. (2005) Inequality and Prosperity: Social Europe and Liberal America , Ithaca, NY: A Century Foundation Book.

[66] Poulsen, R. T. & H. Sornn-Friese (2011) ‘Downfall delayed: Danish shipbuilding and industrial dislocation’ Business History , 53(4):557–582.

[67] Rodrik, D. (1997) Has Globalization Gone Too Far? , Washington D.C.: Institute for International Economics.

[68] Refslund, B. (2011) Udflytning af danske slagteriarbejdspladser: Lokale konsekvenser, globale perspektiver , Unpublished working paper: University of Aarhus

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