Networked Intelligence :  A Wider Fusion of Technologies That Spurs the Fourth Industrial Revolution—Part II: The Transformation of Production Systems

Stavdas, Alexandros

doi:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.12.2.0236

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World Review of Political Economy

Volume 12, Issue 2

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Networked Intelligence : A Wider Fusion of Technologies That Spurs the Fourth Industrial Revolution—Part II: The Transformation of Production Systems

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Author(s): Alexandros Stavdas ^* ^,

Publication date (Electronic preprint): 01 July 2021

Journal: World Review of Political Economy

Publisher: Pluto Journals

Keywords: technology, production, production systems

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Abstract

The second part of this article focuses on the transformation of the production systems in manufacturing and agriculture as a result of the convergence in the I4.0 technologies detailed in Part I. The category of general-purpose production machines is presented in detail. The interconnection of these machines and our ability to operate them remotely turn the stand-alone machines into production systems. The characteristics of these systems are studied separately for the cases of manufacturing and agriculture, showing the interrelation of the transformations in the two sectors. The I4.0 production systems give a tremendous boost in productivity as they allow the user of these systems to switch between different activities dynamically, cutting down costs and inefficiencies. The widespread deployment of such production systems fosters the emergence of a new social entity, the “prosumer.” The subsequent rationalization in the production creates the conditions where overproduction gradually dies out while it shifts the balance from mass consumption to mass customization.

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Journal

Journal ID (doi): 10.13169/worlrevipoliecon

Title: World Review of Political Economy

Abbreviated Title: WRPE

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Electronic): 2042-8928

Publication date (Electronic preprint): 01 July 2021

Volume: 12

Issue: 2

Pages: 236-254

Author notes

[* ] Correspondence: Alexandros Stavdas ( alexandros.stavdas@ 123456uop.gr )

Article

DOI: 10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.12.2.0236

SO-VID: 05b59cec-4214-482b-9bbb-02bb69c59b07

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Pages: 19

References

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[1] Asiro. n.d. “Autonomous Tractor Concept.” http://www.asirobots.com/farming/.

[2] D. Burns, J. B. McCormick, and C. E. Borroni-Bird. 2002. “Vehicle of Change.” Scientific American, October.

[3] Deere. n.d. “Future of Farming.” https://www.deere.co.uk/en/agriculture/future-of-farming/.

[4] E. Ejim n.d. “What Is Direct Production?” https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-direct-production.htm.

[5] Enginess. 2021. “How Digitization Is Transforming Manufacturing Industry.” https://www.enginess.io/insights/how-digitization-is-tranforming-manufacturing-industry.

[6] J. Kuffner 2010. “Cloud Enabled Humanoid Robots. Humanoids: What’s Next?” Applications, Challenges and Perspectives Workshop.

[7] L. Natale, A. Paikan, M. Randazzo, and D. E. Domenichelli. 2016. “The iCub Software Architecture: Evolution and Lessons Learned.” https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2016.00024/full.

[8] OpenRobotics. n.d. “Open Platforms for Robotics.” https://www.openrobotics.org/.

[9] Orocos. n.d. “Open Robot Control Software.” http://www.orocos.org/.

[10] Spectrum. 2002. “Modular Robots.” https://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/industrial-robots/modular-robots.

[11] The Economist . 2012. “Back to Making Stuff.” The Third Industrial Revolution, April 21.

[12] A. Toffler 1984. The Third Wave. New York: Bantam Books.