This article shows that “Walras' Law,” which is one of the crucial foundations of modern economic theory as formulated by Lange, and modified by the modern authors, differs essentially from Walras's own original laws. These two versions of “Walras Law” are disconnected from real economics; nevertheless, unfortunately, they replaced Walras's original laws which are compatible with a hypothetical regime of perfectly free competition.
Keynes's definition of full employment in his General Theory included voluntary employment, but such a definition makes the whole theory of employment much more confusing (for more details, see Davar 2002a).
Originally $ f .
Such definition of excess demand was first formulated by Hicks (1946 [1939]: 324– 325; see also Davar 2004).