This paper investigates the risk of rot damage in brick solid masonry walls (SMWs) before and after they have received an Internal Wall Insulation (IWI) system. One-dimensional simulations in Delphin were calibrated against laboratory experiments of full-scale insulated and uninsulated SMW assemblies in the Hygrothermal Test Facility. A parametric analysis was conducted to assess the sensitivity of the walls to a list of scenario uncertainties. The results indicated that in all Test Cases (TCs) the risk of rot damage increased when internal insulation is retrofitted to a SMW.