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      Cadaveric Study of the Neurovascular Bundle in Tarsal Tunnel Region among Sudanese - 2020

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      In review
      research-article
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      ScienceOpen Preprints
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      Tarsal tunnnel, tibial nerve, Sudanese, posterior tibial artery, tarsal tunnel syndrome
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            Abstract

            Abstract Background: Tarsal tunnel is situated medial to the ankle lying deep to the flexor retinaculum. Within which lies the neurovascular bundle in separate compartments. This study examines the level of bifurcation points of tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery, and the location of medial and lateral plantar nerves in the tarsal tunnel. As well as the origin of the medial calcaneal nerves. Methods: This study was a descriptive observational cross sectional study. Step by step dissections of the tarsal tunnel were performed on 30 Sudanese cadavers, the contents of the tarsal tunnel were explored. Results: The tibial nerve was found to bifurcate before the the medial malleolus calcaneal axis (MMCA) in (n=4/30, 13.3%) specimens , and inside the tunnel (n=26/30, 86.7%). The branching point of the posterior tibialartery was found before the MMCA in (n=10/28, 35.7%) of specimens, at the MMCA in (n=16/28, 57.1%), and after the MMCA in (n= 2/28, 7.1%). Medial calcaneal nerves were found to be derived from the LPN plus the TN in (n=13/30, 43.3%), while in (n=6/30, 20%) were derived from LPN plus MPN plus TN. only (n=5/30, 16.7 %) were derived from LPN alone. Conclusion: anatomical knowledge of the bifurcation points of tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery is of great importance in many medical procedures like external fixation of medial malleolus fractures, medial displacement osteotomy and nerve blocks in podiatric medicine.

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            Author and article information

            Journal
            ScienceOpen Preprints
            ScienceOpen
            21 March 2021
            Affiliations
            [1 ] Anatomy department-faculty of medicine-Thenational Ribat University
            Author information
            https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-0515
            Article
            10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-.PPUPRTS.v1
            324002b9-0b51-4cca-a1b8-c89125de0cd9

            This work has been published open access under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0 , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Conditions, terms of use and publishing policy can be found at www.scienceopen.com .

            History
            : 21 March 2021

            The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
            Medicine
            Tarsal tunnnel,tibial nerve,Sudanese,posterior tibial artery,tarsal tunnel syndrome

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