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      Havana syndrome: new recommendations and enrollment criteria for a shared study of possible cases.

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      havana syndrome, recommendations , criteria, diagnosis, enrollment , symptoms
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            Abstract

            Background: From November 2016 to the summer of 2021, some U.S. diplomats and their family members residing in Havana and other locations including China, Russia, Colombia, Switzerland, and France reported the sudden onset of auditory, vestibular, and neurological symptoms.

            Methods: This study, through a review of the scientific literature, proposes the definition of criteria for proper enrollment of patients with possible diagnosis of "Havana Syndrome".

            Results: In view of the increasing number of cases, their widespread geographic distribution, and the lack of certainty regarding the etiopathogenesis, it is essential to propose a strategy for sharing case histories.

            Conclusions: A correct enrollment of patients is crucial since specialists can then disclose new strategies for the study of case histories and for a clear definition of the diagnosis. This way it will be possible to have a wide discussion of clinical and epidemiological results among specialists of different medical, engineering and intelligence disciplines.

            Content

            Author and article information

            Journal
            ScienceOpen Preprints
            ScienceOpen
            21 October 2022
            Affiliations
            [1 ] NeuroIntelligence
            Author notes
            Author information
            https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8052-719X
            https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-216X
            Article
            10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-.PPWF7HW.v1
            502978c4-617d-4cd2-abdd-14eaf90b137c

            This work has been published open access under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0 , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Conditions, terms of use and publishing policy can be found at www.scienceopen.com .

            History
            : 21 October 2022

            The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the repository: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
            Medicine,Social & Behavioral Sciences
            havana syndrome,recommendations ,criteria,diagnosis,enrollment ,symptoms

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