Haemophilus influenzaenon-type b Invasive Disease in Children ≤ 5 yearsof age: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was the leading cause of invasive disease in children <5 years of age before the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccines. Invasive disease due to non-type H. influenzae has been increasingly reported.

Aims:

To describe a case of invasive non-type b Haemophilus influenzae and review the literature.

Case and Methods:

We describe a case of a 4-month-old male presented with fever and lethargy, subsequently diagnosed with bacteremia and meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia). His clinical course was complicated by subdural empyema (figure 1) and seizures with complete recovery following surgical drainage and prolonged antibiotic therapy. We searched PubMed and Embase from 2010 to 2020 for case reports of non-type b Hi invasive disease in children ≤ 5 years.

Results:

Out of 138 articles screened, 17 were selected for review. 31 individual cases were summarized with 25% reported in the US. Calculated mean age was 1.5 years (range 0-5 years). Most common presentation was bacteremia (80%, 25) and meningitis (55%, 17). Most cases caused by Hia (52%, 16). About 29% (9) has underlying combordities, and additional 13% (4) were later diagnosed with immunodeficiency condition. Subdural collection and seizures occurred separately in 16% (5) Majority of patients recovered, and 3 (10%) died.

Conclusion:

Non-type b Hi invasive disease can lead to high morbidity and mortality in children. Epidemiologic surveillance and serotyping are crucial to monitor changing epidemiology of Hi invasive disease. Inclusion of non-type b strains in the Hib conjugate vaccine may be necessary to protect against H. influenzae invasive disease .

Content

Author and article information

Journal

Title: ScienceOpen Posters

Publisher: ScienceOpen

Publication date (Electronic preprint): 31 January 2022

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Pediatrics, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA

[2 ] Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA

[3 ] Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA

[4 ] Department of Neurological Surgery, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA

Author notes

[* ]Email: mabdelnour33@ 123456siumed.edu .

Author information

Monica Abd El Nour https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4160-644X

Article

DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-.PPWT6CV.v1

SO-VID: 9f10156f-1a07-4435-8d3d-aa4602ea9f84

License:

This work has been published open access under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0 , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Conditions, terms of use and publishing policy can be found at www.scienceopen.com .

History

Date received : 31 January 2022

Data availability: Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine,Pediatrics,Infectious disease & Microbiology

References

Gozum Giselle Gayle, Tatarina-Nulman Oksana, John Minnie. Case Report: Invasive Non Type b Haemophilus influenzae in Immunocompromised Children. American Journal of Case Reports. Vol. 21:2020. International Scientific Information, Inc. [Cross Ref]
Terrat Yves, Farnaes Lauge, Bradley John, Tromas Nicolas, Shapiro B. Jesse. Two cases of type-a Haemophilus influenzae meningitis within the same week in the same hospital are phylogenetically unrelated but recently exchanged capsule genes. Microbial Genomics. Vol. 6(4)2020. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]
Albrecht Tiffany, Poss Kristina, Issaranggoon Na Ayuthaya Satja, Triden Lori, Schleiss Katherine L., Schleiss Mark R.. Case report of congenital asplenia presenting with Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia) sepsis: an emerging pediatric infection in Minnesota. BMC Infectious Diseases. Vol. 19(1)2019. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. [Cross Ref]
Cerqueira Ashley, Byce Sarah, Tsang Raymond S.W., Jamieson Frances B., Kus Julianne V., Ulanova Marina. Continuing surveillance of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in northwestern Ontario emphasizes the importance of serotype a and non-typeable strains as causes of serious disease: a Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) Study. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. Vol. 65(11):805–813. 2019. Canadian Science Publishing. [Cross Ref]
Konduri Anusha, Wolf Andrea, Boppana Suresh B.. Invasive Disease Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type A. Clinical Pediatrics. Vol. 58(4):470–473. 2019. SAGE Publications. [Cross Ref]
Romaneli Mariana Tresoldi das Neves, Tresoldi Antonia Teresinha, Pereira Ricardo Mendes, Garcia Márcia Teixeira, Hofling Christian Cruz, Resende Mariângela Ribeiro. INVASIVE NON-TYPE B HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE DISEASE: REPORT OF EIGHT CASES. Revista Paulista de Pediatria. Vol. 37(2):156–160. 2019. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). [Cross Ref]
Headrick Andrew, Schmit Erinn O., Kimberlin David W.. Fulminant Haemophilus Influenzae Type a Infection in a 4-year-old with Previously Undiagnosed Asplenic Heterotaxy. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. Vol. 37(4)2018. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). [Cross Ref]
Sawardekar Kiran P.. Haemophilus influenzae Type a Meningitis in Immunocompetent Child, Oman, 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol. 23(7):1221–1223. 2017. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [Cross Ref]
Golebiewska Anna, Kuch Alicja, Gawrońska Agnieszka, Albrecht Piotr, Skoczyńska Anna, Radzikowski Andrzej, Kutylowska Ewa, Feleszko Wojciech. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype f Case Reports in Mazovia Province, Poland. Medicine. Vol. 95(5)2016. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). [Cross Ref]
Roaa Zailaie, Abdulsalam Alawfi, Shahid Ghazi, Kamaldeen Baba, Tariq Al Fawaz. Pediatric invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serogroup A in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: case series. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. Vol. 10(05):528–532. 2016. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. [Cross Ref]
Dobbelaere A., Jeannin P., Bovyn T., Ide L.. Haemophilus influenzae: a forgotten cause of neonatal sepsis? Acta Clinica Belgica. Vol. 70(3):204–206. 2015. Informa UK Limited. [Cross Ref]
Hoshino Tadashi, Hachisu Yushi, Kikuchi Takashi, Tokutake Shoko, Okui Hideyuki, Kutsuna Satoru, Fukasawa Chie, Murayama Kei, Oohara Asami, Shimizu Hiroyuki, Ito Midori, Takahashi Yoshiko, Ishiwada Naruhiko. Analysis of Haemophilus influenzae serotype f isolated from three Japanese children with invasive H. influenzae infection. Journal of Medical Microbiology. Vol. 64(4):355–358. 2015. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]
Cardoso Marta Pessoa, Pasternak Jacyr, Giglio Alfredo Elias, Casagrande Rejane Rimazza Dalberto, Troster Eduardo Juan. Meningite por Haemophilus influenzae tipo f. Einstein (São Paulo). Vol. 11(4):521–523. 2013. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). [Cross Ref]
Le Quellec Sandra, Gaillot Olivier, Chotel Franck, Freydière Anne-Marie, Laurent Frédéric, Vandenesch François, Doléans-Jordheim Anne. Septic Arthritis Caused by Noncapsulated Haemophilus influenzae. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. Vol. 51(6):1970–1972. 2013. American Society for Microbiology. [Cross Ref]
Calado Rita, Betencourt Célia, Gonçalves Helder, Cristino Nuno, Calhau Paulo, Lavado Paula Bajanca. Complicated Meningitis caused by a rare serotype of Haemophilus influenzae in Portugal. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. Vol. 69(1):111–113. 2011. Elsevier BV. [Cross Ref]
Kelly Len, Tsang Raymond S. W., Morgan Alanna, Jamieson Frances B., Ulanova Marina. Invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type a in Northern Ontario First Nations communities. Journal of Medical Microbiology. Vol. 60(3):384–390. 2011. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Gozum Giselle Gayle, Tatarina-Nulman Oksana, John Minnie. Case Report: Invasive Non Type b Haemophilus influenzae in Immunocompromised Children. American Journal of Case Reports. Vol. 21:2020. International Scientific Information, Inc. [Cross Ref]

[2] Terrat Yves, Farnaes Lauge, Bradley John, Tromas Nicolas, Shapiro B. Jesse. Two cases of type-a Haemophilus influenzae meningitis within the same week in the same hospital are phylogenetically unrelated but recently exchanged capsule genes. Microbial Genomics. Vol. 6(4)2020. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]

[3] Albrecht Tiffany, Poss Kristina, Issaranggoon Na Ayuthaya Satja, Triden Lori, Schleiss Katherine L., Schleiss Mark R.. Case report of congenital asplenia presenting with Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia) sepsis: an emerging pediatric infection in Minnesota. BMC Infectious Diseases. Vol. 19(1)2019. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. [Cross Ref]

[4] Cerqueira Ashley, Byce Sarah, Tsang Raymond S.W., Jamieson Frances B., Kus Julianne V., Ulanova Marina. Continuing surveillance of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in northwestern Ontario emphasizes the importance of serotype a and non-typeable strains as causes of serious disease: a Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) Study. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. Vol. 65(11):805–813. 2019. Canadian Science Publishing. [Cross Ref]

[5] Konduri Anusha, Wolf Andrea, Boppana Suresh B.. Invasive Disease Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type A. Clinical Pediatrics. Vol. 58(4):470–473. 2019. SAGE Publications. [Cross Ref]

[6] Romaneli Mariana Tresoldi das Neves, Tresoldi Antonia Teresinha, Pereira Ricardo Mendes, Garcia Márcia Teixeira, Hofling Christian Cruz, Resende Mariângela Ribeiro. INVASIVE NON-TYPE B HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE DISEASE: REPORT OF EIGHT CASES. Revista Paulista de Pediatria. Vol. 37(2):156–160. 2019. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). [Cross Ref]

[7] Headrick Andrew, Schmit Erinn O., Kimberlin David W.. Fulminant Haemophilus Influenzae Type a Infection in a 4-year-old with Previously Undiagnosed Asplenic Heterotaxy. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. Vol. 37(4)2018. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). [Cross Ref]

[8] Sawardekar Kiran P.. Haemophilus influenzae Type a Meningitis in Immunocompetent Child, Oman, 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol. 23(7):1221–1223. 2017. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [Cross Ref]

[9] Golebiewska Anna, Kuch Alicja, Gawrońska Agnieszka, Albrecht Piotr, Skoczyńska Anna, Radzikowski Andrzej, Kutylowska Ewa, Feleszko Wojciech. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype f Case Reports in Mazovia Province, Poland. Medicine. Vol. 95(5)2016. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). [Cross Ref]

[10] Roaa Zailaie, Abdulsalam Alawfi, Shahid Ghazi, Kamaldeen Baba, Tariq Al Fawaz. Pediatric invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serogroup A in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: case series. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. Vol. 10(05):528–532. 2016. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. [Cross Ref]

[11] Dobbelaere A., Jeannin P., Bovyn T., Ide L.. Haemophilus influenzae: a forgotten cause of neonatal sepsis? Acta Clinica Belgica. Vol. 70(3):204–206. 2015. Informa UK Limited. [Cross Ref]

[12] Hoshino Tadashi, Hachisu Yushi, Kikuchi Takashi, Tokutake Shoko, Okui Hideyuki, Kutsuna Satoru, Fukasawa Chie, Murayama Kei, Oohara Asami, Shimizu Hiroyuki, Ito Midori, Takahashi Yoshiko, Ishiwada Naruhiko. Analysis of Haemophilus influenzae serotype f isolated from three Japanese children with invasive H. influenzae infection. Journal of Medical Microbiology. Vol. 64(4):355–358. 2015. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]

[13] Cardoso Marta Pessoa, Pasternak Jacyr, Giglio Alfredo Elias, Casagrande Rejane Rimazza Dalberto, Troster Eduardo Juan. Meningite por Haemophilus influenzae tipo f. Einstein (São Paulo). Vol. 11(4):521–523. 2013. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). [Cross Ref]

[14] Le Quellec Sandra, Gaillot Olivier, Chotel Franck, Freydière Anne-Marie, Laurent Frédéric, Vandenesch François, Doléans-Jordheim Anne. Septic Arthritis Caused by Noncapsulated Haemophilus influenzae. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. Vol. 51(6):1970–1972. 2013. American Society for Microbiology. [Cross Ref]

[15] Calado Rita, Betencourt Célia, Gonçalves Helder, Cristino Nuno, Calhau Paulo, Lavado Paula Bajanca. Complicated Meningitis caused by a rare serotype of Haemophilus influenzae in Portugal. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. Vol. 69(1):111–113. 2011. Elsevier BV. [Cross Ref]

[16] Kelly Len, Tsang Raymond S. W., Morgan Alanna, Jamieson Frances B., Ulanova Marina. Invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type a in Northern Ontario First Nations communities. Journal of Medical Microbiology. Vol. 60(3):384–390. 2011. Microbiology Society. [Cross Ref]