INVISIBILITY, IMPOSSIBILITY: THE REUSE OF VOLTAIRE&apos;S &quot;CANDIDE&quot; IN EMILE HABIBY&apos;S &quot;SA&apos;EED THE PESSOPTIMIST&quot;

Harb, Ahmad Khaled Ahmad

doi:10.2307/41858612

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Arab Studies Quarterly

Volume 32, Issue 2

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INVISIBILITY, IMPOSSIBILITY: THE REUSE OF VOLTAIRE'S "CANDIDE" IN EMILE HABIBY'S "SA'EED THE PESSOPTIMIST"

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Author(s): Ahmad Harb

Publication date (Print): 1 April 2010

Journal: Arab Studies Quarterly

Publisher: Pluto Journals

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Journal ID (jstor): arabstudquar

Journal ID (doi): 10.2307/j50005550

Title: Arab Studies Quarterly

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 02713519

Publication date (Print): 1 April 2010

Volume: 32

Issue: 2

Pages: 92-106

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DOI: 10.2307/41858612

SO-VID: 943605d4-af10-45df-836f-d566025c9ac7

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Notes

Emile Habiby, The Secret Life of Sa'eed the Pessoptimist, translated from the Arabic by Salma Khadra Jayyusi and Trevor Le Gassick (London: Zed Books Ltd., 1985). Habiby's use of Voltaire's Candide.
Edward Said, Culture and Imperialism (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993). Conrad's Heart of Darkness; Said 211-220
Voltaire, Candide or Optimism, trans, ed. Robert M. Adams (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1966).
Later in the novel Habiby refers to it as "Pangloss' State."
Ira O. Wade, Voltaire and Candide: A Study in the Fusion of History, Art, and Philosophy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1959).
René Pomeau, "Providence, Pessimism, and Absurdity" from La Religion de Voltaire (Paris: Nitz, 1956). In Robert M. Adams, ed., Candide or Optimism (New York: Norton & Company Inc., 1966), 137-142.
Koran, Sura XVII, 1-10.
Walid Khalidi (editor), All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 (Washington, DC: Institute of Palestine Studies, 1992).
Martin Gilbert, Jerusalem in the Twentieth Century (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1996).
J. G. Weightman, "The Quality of Candide." From Essays Presented to C.M. Girdlestone (University of Durham, 1960). In Robert M. Adams, ed., Candide or Optimism (New York: Norton and Company Inc., 1966), 151-164.
Fouzi El-Asmar, To Be an Arab in Israel (London: Francis Pinter Limited, 1975); Ze'ev Schiff and Ehud Ya'ari, Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising—Israel Third Front, translated from the Hebrew by Ina Friedman (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990); David Grossman, Sleeping on a Wire, translated from the Hebrew by Haim Watzman (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1993).
Grossman, Sleeping on a Wire.
In Husni Mahmoud, Emile Habiby and the Short Story (Amman, n.d.; in Arabic), 32.
Ibid., 36.
Ibid., 37.
Ibid., 26.
Ibid., 30.
Wade, Voltaire and Canidide, 296-309.
Haydn Mason, Candide: Optimism Demolished (New York: Twayne's Publishers, 1992), 102-103.
Burton Pike, The Image of the City in Modern Literature (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981).
Palestinian Communist Party which had Arab and Jewish affiliation and which accepted the United Nations' 1947 Ahmad Abu Mater, The Novel in Palestinian Literature: 1950-1975 (Baghdad: Dar ar-Rashid, 1980).

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[1] Emile Habiby, The Secret Life of Sa'eed the Pessoptimist, translated from the Arabic by Salma Khadra Jayyusi and Trevor Le Gassick (London: Zed Books Ltd., 1985). Habiby's use of Voltaire's Candide.

[2] Edward Said, Culture and Imperialism (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993). Conrad's Heart of Darkness; Said 211-220

[3] Voltaire, Candide or Optimism, trans, ed. Robert M. Adams (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1966).

[4] Later in the novel Habiby refers to it as "Pangloss' State."

[5] Ira O. Wade, Voltaire and Candide: A Study in the Fusion of History, Art, and Philosophy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1959).

[6] René Pomeau, "Providence, Pessimism, and Absurdity" from La Religion de Voltaire (Paris: Nitz, 1956). In Robert M. Adams, ed., Candide or Optimism (New York: Norton & Company Inc., 1966), 137-142.

[7] Koran, Sura XVII, 1-10.

[8] Walid Khalidi (editor), All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 (Washington, DC: Institute of Palestine Studies, 1992).

[9] Martin Gilbert, Jerusalem in the Twentieth Century (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1996).

[10] J. G. Weightman, "The Quality of Candide." From Essays Presented to C.M. Girdlestone (University of Durham, 1960). In Robert M. Adams, ed., Candide or Optimism (New York: Norton and Company Inc., 1966), 151-164.

[11] Fouzi El-Asmar, To Be an Arab in Israel (London: Francis Pinter Limited, 1975); Ze'ev Schiff and Ehud Ya'ari, Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising—Israel Third Front, translated from the Hebrew by Ina Friedman (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990); David Grossman, Sleeping on a Wire, translated from the Hebrew by Haim Watzman (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1993).

[12] Grossman, Sleeping on a Wire.

[13] In Husni Mahmoud, Emile Habiby and the Short Story (Amman, n.d.; in Arabic), 32.

[14] Ibid., 36.

[15] Ibid., 37.

[16] Ibid., 26.

[17] Ibid., 30.

[18] Wade, Voltaire and Canidide, 296-309.

[19] Haydn Mason, Candide: Optimism Demolished (New York: Twayne's Publishers, 1992), 102-103.

[20] Burton Pike, The Image of the City in Modern Literature (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981).

[21] Palestinian Communist Party which had Arab and Jewish affiliation and which accepted the United Nations' 1947 Ahmad Abu Mater, The Novel in Palestinian Literature: 1950-1975 (Baghdad: Dar ar-Rashid, 1980).