Combating Smoking in Cuba

If you have found this article useful and you think it is important that researchers across the world have access, please consider donating, to ensure that this valuable collection remains Open Access.

International Journal of Cuban Studies is published by Pluto Journals, an Open Access publisher. This means that everyone has free and unlimited access to the full-text of all articles from our international collection of social science journals. Furthermore Pluto Journals authors don’t pay article processing charges (APCs).

scite_

International Journal of Cuban Studies

Volume 1, Issue 1

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Combating Smoking in Cuba

research-article

Author(s): Rishabh Singh , Risbahb Singh

Publication date (Print): 1 June 2008

Journal: International Journal of Cuban Studies

Publisher: Pluto Journals

Bookmark

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of smoking among adults and youths in Cuba, its impact on health and the legislation in place to combat it Worldwide, smoking causes 90% of all lung cancer cases and is also responsible for the majority of oral, pharyngeal, oesophageal and bladder cancers. In addition to this, smoking is a major risk factor for chronic airway diseases, cardiovascular diseases problems during pregnancy. Smoking has long been an integral part of Cuban culture with a history dating back hundreds of years. The Cuban cigar and cigarette are icons in Cuba, with tobacco being one of the country's biggest exports. However, its detrimental impact on health is widely documented and, despite Cuba's remarkable health care system, rates of smoking related diseases are considerable. Until very recently, government tobacco control policies have not been stringently enforced. This student essay argues that Cuba is finally making a concerted effort to stem the tide of smoking-related morbidity and mortality.

Content

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (jstor): intejcubastud

Journal ID (doi): 10.2307/j50005551

Title: International Journal of Cuban Studies

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 17563461

Publication date (Print): 1 June 2008

Volume: 1

Issue: 1

Pages: 76-91

Article

DOI: 10.2307/41945993

SO-VID: 30029da8-fff4-419c-a833-2720cd7a28bd

License:

All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Notes

Mackay J and Eriksen MP. The Tobacco Atlas. World Health Organisation 2002.
Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas, Cuba. Export of goods per groups of products 2006. Available at: http://www.one.cu/aec2006/aec2006indicec7.htm. Last accessed March 16th 2008.
Fawthorp T. Medical Knowhow boosts Cuban Wealth. BBC news bulletin, 17/2/06. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4583668.stm. Last accessed March 14th 2008.
PAHO. Health Overview - Cuba. Pan American Health Organisation 2008. Available at: http://www.paho.org/enqlish/dd/ais/cp 192.htm. Last accessed March 13th 2008.
PAHO. Health in the Americas 2007 Volume 1. Scientific Technical Publication no. 622. Pan American Health Organisation 2007
FOCAL Research forum on Cuba. Focal Chronicle on Cuba, May 2003. Available at: http://www.cubasource.ora/pdf/Chronicle0305.pdf. Last accessed March 12th 2008
WHO. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic - The Mpower package. WHO 2008. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/en/. Last accessed February 26 th 2008.
Musk AW and De Klerk NH. History of Tobacco Health. Respirology (2003) 8. 286- 290.
US Surgeon General. US Surgeon General's Report - The Health Consequences of Smoking. 2004. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data statistics/sar/sar 2004/index.htm. Last accessed March 5th 2008.
WHO Cancer. Tobacco Free Initiative - Cancer. World Health Organisation 2008. Available at http://www.who.int/tobacco/research/cancer/en/index.html. Last accessed March 17th 2008.
Anthonisen, N. R., Skeans, M. A.,Wise, R. A., Manfrēda, J., Kanner, R. E. and Connett, J. E. (2005). The effects of smoking cessation intervention on 14.5 year mortality', Annals of Internal Medicine, 14 (4) 233-239.
WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Cuba. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Cuba.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.
Kim, Sunny, De La Rosa, Mario, Rice, Christopher P. and Delva, Jorge (2007) 'Prevalence of Smoking Drinking Among Older Adults in Seven Urban Cities in Latin America the Caribbean', Substance Use & Misuse, 42:9, 1455 - 1475.
Cooper RS, Kennelly JF and Ordun P. 'Health in Cuba', International Journal of Epidemiology 2006;35:817-824
PAHO. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey - Results Americas. PAHO. Available at: http://www.paho.org/Enalish/SHA/be v23n2-GYTS.htm. Last accessed 2nd March 2008.
WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Bolivia. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Bolivia.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008-04-15
WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Chile. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Chile.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.
WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - United Kingdom. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/United Kingdom.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.
WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - United States of America. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/USA.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.
National Health Statistics Bureau of the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba. Annual Health Report 2005. http://www.medicc.org/resources/documents/Anuary%20Cuba%202005.pdf. Last accessed Feb 20 2008.
Bosetti C, Malvezzil M, Chatenoud L, Negri E, Levi F. La Vecchia. 'Trends in cancer mortality in the Americas, 1970-2000', Annals of Oncology 16: 489-511, 2005.
Boffetta P. La Vecchia C, Levi F and Lucchini F. "Mortality Patterns Trends for Lung Cancer and Other Tobacco-Related Cancers in the Americas, 1955-1989', International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 22, No. 3.
Franceschi S, Fernandez L, Herrero F, Ortiz Reyes RM, Vaccarella R, Lence Anta J, Ferbeye L and N Muñoz. 'Risk factors for cancer of the oral cavity oro-pharynx in Cuba', British Journal of Cancer (2001) 85(1), 46-54.
Vigil IT, Aday LU, and De Lima L. 'What Predicts the Quality of Advanced Cancer Care in Latin America? A Look at Five Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Mexico and Peru,' Journal of Pain Symptom Management Vol. 34 No. 3 September 2007.
Margarita C, Pedro J and Chaviano J. Trends in survival rates of cancer in Cuba,' European Journal of Epidemiology 15: 521-528, 1999.
Gorry C and Reed G. Turning the Tide on Cancer in Cuba. Cuba Health Reports, Medicc. Available at: http://www.medicc.org/cubahealthreports/chr- article.php?&a=1033&PHPSESSID=cacd91548ec735b859f2ec76a73239f9. Last accessed February 24 th 2008.
Sansom C. 'Vote against blockade could help cancer treatment in Cuba', The Lancet Oncology. Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2007: 7-8.
Ordunez P, Munoz JLB, Pedraza D, Silva LC, Espinosa-Brito A and Cooper RS. 'Hypertension treatment control in Cienfuegos, Cuba', (Abst) Washington, DC: Council on Epidemiology, American Heart Association, May, 2005.
Ordunez P, Munoz JLB, Espinosa-Brito A, Silva LC and Cooper RS. 'Ethnicity, education blood pressure in Cuba, American Journal of Epidemioly, 2005;162:49-56.
Diogene E, Perez PJ, Figueras A, Furones JA, Debeša F and Laporte JR. 'National Pharmacoepidemiology Network. The Cuban experience in focusing pharmaceuticals policy to health population needs: initial results of the National Pharmacoepidemiology Network (1996-2001)', Pharmaceoepidemiol Drug Safety, 2003, 12:405-7.
Ordunez-Garcia P, Iraola-Ferrer M and La Rosa-Linares Y. 'Reducing mortality in myocardial infarction. Experience in Cuba shows optimizing thrombolysis may reduce death rates in poor countries', British Medical Journal 2005, 330:1271-2.
American Association of World Health. The Impact of the US Embargo on Health Nutrition in Cuba. AAWH. May 1997.
The World Bank. Curbing the Epidemic - Governments and the Economics of Tobacco Control. The World Bank, 1999. Available at: http://www1.worldbank.org/tobacco/. Last accessed March 3 rd 2008.
WHO. Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, World Health Organisation, 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/framework/WHO FCTC english.pdf. Last accessed February 26th 2008.
Blecher EH and Walbeek CP, 'An international analysis of cigarette affordability,' Tobacco Control, 2004, 13: 339-346.
Lai A and Scollo M. 'Big Mac index of cigarette affordability', Tobacco Control, 2002,11: 280-282.
Usborne D. 'Cuba - home of the cigar -bans smoking in public', The Independent News Bulletin, 21 st January 2005. Available at http://findarticles.eom/p/articles/mi gn4158/is 20050121/ai n9692644. Last accessed 1st March 2008
WHO. Updated status of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/framework/countrylist/en/index.html. Last accessed April 1st 2008.
WHO. Appendix B: Legislation. WHO. May 2003. Available at http://www.who.int/tobacco/global data/country profiles/Appendix B.pdf. Last accessed March 16th 2008.
ASH. International Trends towards smoke-free provision. ASH January 2007. Available at http://old.ash.org.uk/html/publicplaces/html/intlaw.html. Last accessed March 16th 2008.
Grogg P. 'Anti-smoking measures and safer cigarettes', IPS News Bulletin, April 12 th 2005. Available at http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=28264. Last accessed February 25 th 2008.
Infomed. Red de Salud de Cuba. Resoluciones sobre el Convenio marco para el control del tabaco. Infomed, 7 January 2005. Available at: http://www.sld.cu/temas.php?idv=2041. Last accessed March 24 th 2008.
Daily Mail. 'Last puff for Cuba as smoking banned', Daily Mail News Bulletin, 9 February 2005. Available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/paaes/live/articles/news/worldnews.html?in article id=3 37255&in page id=1811
Gibbs Stephen. 'Cuba's Smoking Ban takes effect', BBC News Bulletin, January 2005. Available at http://news.bbc.co.Uk/1/hi/world/americas/4241897.stm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.
Siegelbaum Portia. 'No Ifs, no butts', CBS News Bulletin, February 7th 2005. Available at http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/02/07/world/main672188.shtml. Last accessed March 20th 2008.
Gibbs Stephen. 'Banning smoke in the land of the Havanas', BBC News Bulletin, February 2005. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4247667.stm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.
Gorry C. 'On Health's Trail in Tobacco & Rum Country', Medicc Review, January 2005. Available at http://www.medicc.org/publications/medicc review/0305/paaes/headlines in cuban health.html. Last accessed March 20th 2008.
BBC News. 'Tough cigarette warnings introduced, BBC News Bulletin, January 2003. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2617585.stm. Last accessed April 5th 2008.
Eaton T. 'Cuba working to snuff nation's tobacco habit', The Dallas Morning News, Saturday May 8, 2004. Available at http://www.latinamericanstudies.ora/cuba/snuff.htm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.
Randi E. Foraker, Christi A., Patten, Keila and N. Lopez. 'Beliefs and attitudes regarding smoking among young adult Latinos', Preventive Medicine, 41 (2005) 126- 133.

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Mackay J and Eriksen MP. The Tobacco Atlas. World Health Organisation 2002.

[2] Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas, Cuba. Export of goods per groups of products 2006. Available at: http://www.one.cu/aec2006/aec2006indicec7.htm. Last accessed March 16th 2008.

[3] Fawthorp T. Medical Knowhow boosts Cuban Wealth. BBC news bulletin, 17/2/06. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4583668.stm. Last accessed March 14th 2008.

[4] PAHO. Health Overview - Cuba. Pan American Health Organisation 2008. Available at: http://www.paho.org/enqlish/dd/ais/cp 192.htm. Last accessed March 13th 2008.

[5] PAHO. Health in the Americas 2007 Volume 1. Scientific Technical Publication no. 622. Pan American Health Organisation 2007

[6] FOCAL Research forum on Cuba. Focal Chronicle on Cuba, May 2003. Available at: http://www.cubasource.ora/pdf/Chronicle0305.pdf. Last accessed March 12th 2008

[7] WHO. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic - The Mpower package. WHO 2008. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/en/. Last accessed February 26 th 2008.

[8] Musk AW and De Klerk NH. History of Tobacco Health. Respirology (2003) 8. 286- 290.

[9] US Surgeon General. US Surgeon General's Report - The Health Consequences of Smoking. 2004. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data statistics/sar/sar 2004/index.htm. Last accessed March 5th 2008.

[10] WHO Cancer. Tobacco Free Initiative - Cancer. World Health Organisation 2008. Available at http://www.who.int/tobacco/research/cancer/en/index.html. Last accessed March 17th 2008.

[11] Anthonisen, N. R., Skeans, M. A.,Wise, R. A., Manfrēda, J., Kanner, R. E. and Connett, J. E. (2005). The effects of smoking cessation intervention on 14.5 year mortality', Annals of Internal Medicine, 14 (4) 233-239.

[12] WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Cuba. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Cuba.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.

[13] Kim, Sunny, De La Rosa, Mario, Rice, Christopher P. and Delva, Jorge (2007) 'Prevalence of Smoking Drinking Among Older Adults in Seven Urban Cities in Latin America the Caribbean', Substance Use & Misuse, 42:9, 1455 - 1475.

[14] Cooper RS, Kennelly JF and Ordun P. 'Health in Cuba', International Journal of Epidemiology 2006;35:817-824

[15] PAHO. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey - Results Americas. PAHO. Available at: http://www.paho.org/Enalish/SHA/be v23n2-GYTS.htm. Last accessed 2nd March 2008.

[16] WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Bolivia. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Bolivia.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008-04-15

[17] WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - Chile. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Chile.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.

[18] WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - United Kingdom. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/United Kingdom.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.

[19] WHO. Tobacco Free Initiative Country Profiles - United States of America. WHO Tobacco Free Initiative 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/USA.pdf. Last accessed March 3rd 2008.

[20] National Health Statistics Bureau of the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba. Annual Health Report 2005. http://www.medicc.org/resources/documents/Anuary%20Cuba%202005.pdf. Last accessed Feb 20 2008.

[21] Bosetti C, Malvezzil M, Chatenoud L, Negri E, Levi F. La Vecchia. 'Trends in cancer mortality in the Americas, 1970-2000', Annals of Oncology 16: 489-511, 2005.

[22] Boffetta P. La Vecchia C, Levi F and Lucchini F. "Mortality Patterns Trends for Lung Cancer and Other Tobacco-Related Cancers in the Americas, 1955-1989', International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 22, No. 3.

[23] Franceschi S, Fernandez L, Herrero F, Ortiz Reyes RM, Vaccarella R, Lence Anta J, Ferbeye L and N Muñoz. 'Risk factors for cancer of the oral cavity oro-pharynx in Cuba', British Journal of Cancer (2001) 85(1), 46-54.

[24] Vigil IT, Aday LU, and De Lima L. 'What Predicts the Quality of Advanced Cancer Care in Latin America? A Look at Five Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Mexico and Peru,' Journal of Pain Symptom Management Vol. 34 No. 3 September 2007.

[25] Margarita C, Pedro J and Chaviano J. Trends in survival rates of cancer in Cuba,' European Journal of Epidemiology 15: 521-528, 1999.

[26] Gorry C and Reed G. Turning the Tide on Cancer in Cuba. Cuba Health Reports, Medicc. Available at: http://www.medicc.org/cubahealthreports/chr- article.php?&a=1033&PHPSESSID=cacd91548ec735b859f2ec76a73239f9. Last accessed February 24 th 2008.

[27] Sansom C. 'Vote against blockade could help cancer treatment in Cuba', The Lancet Oncology. Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2007: 7-8.

[28] Ordunez P, Munoz JLB, Pedraza D, Silva LC, Espinosa-Brito A and Cooper RS. 'Hypertension treatment control in Cienfuegos, Cuba', (Abst) Washington, DC: Council on Epidemiology, American Heart Association, May, 2005.

[29] Ordunez P, Munoz JLB, Espinosa-Brito A, Silva LC and Cooper RS. 'Ethnicity, education blood pressure in Cuba, American Journal of Epidemioly, 2005;162:49-56.

[30] Diogene E, Perez PJ, Figueras A, Furones JA, Debeša F and Laporte JR. 'National Pharmacoepidemiology Network. The Cuban experience in focusing pharmaceuticals policy to health population needs: initial results of the National Pharmacoepidemiology Network (1996-2001)', Pharmaceoepidemiol Drug Safety, 2003, 12:405-7.

[31] Ordunez-Garcia P, Iraola-Ferrer M and La Rosa-Linares Y. 'Reducing mortality in myocardial infarction. Experience in Cuba shows optimizing thrombolysis may reduce death rates in poor countries', British Medical Journal 2005, 330:1271-2.

[32] American Association of World Health. The Impact of the US Embargo on Health Nutrition in Cuba. AAWH. May 1997.

[33] The World Bank. Curbing the Epidemic - Governments and the Economics of Tobacco Control. The World Bank, 1999. Available at: http://www1.worldbank.org/tobacco/. Last accessed March 3 rd 2008.

[34] WHO. Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, World Health Organisation, 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/framework/WHO FCTC english.pdf. Last accessed February 26th 2008.

[35] Blecher EH and Walbeek CP, 'An international analysis of cigarette affordability,' Tobacco Control, 2004, 13: 339-346.

[36] Lai A and Scollo M. 'Big Mac index of cigarette affordability', Tobacco Control, 2002,11: 280-282.

[37] Usborne D. 'Cuba - home of the cigar -bans smoking in public', The Independent News Bulletin, 21 st January 2005. Available at http://findarticles.eom/p/articles/mi gn4158/is 20050121/ai n9692644. Last accessed 1st March 2008

[38] WHO. Updated status of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/framework/countrylist/en/index.html. Last accessed April 1st 2008.

[39] WHO. Appendix B: Legislation. WHO. May 2003. Available at http://www.who.int/tobacco/global data/country profiles/Appendix B.pdf. Last accessed March 16th 2008.

[40] ASH. International Trends towards smoke-free provision. ASH January 2007. Available at http://old.ash.org.uk/html/publicplaces/html/intlaw.html. Last accessed March 16th 2008.

[41] Grogg P. 'Anti-smoking measures and safer cigarettes', IPS News Bulletin, April 12 th 2005. Available at http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=28264. Last accessed February 25 th 2008.

[42] Infomed. Red de Salud de Cuba. Resoluciones sobre el Convenio marco para el control del tabaco. Infomed, 7 January 2005. Available at: http://www.sld.cu/temas.php?idv=2041. Last accessed March 24 th 2008.

[43] Daily Mail. 'Last puff for Cuba as smoking banned', Daily Mail News Bulletin, 9 February 2005. Available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/paaes/live/articles/news/worldnews.html?in article id=3 37255&in page id=1811

[44] Gibbs Stephen. 'Cuba's Smoking Ban takes effect', BBC News Bulletin, January 2005. Available at http://news.bbc.co.Uk/1/hi/world/americas/4241897.stm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.

[45] Siegelbaum Portia. 'No Ifs, no butts', CBS News Bulletin, February 7th 2005. Available at http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/02/07/world/main672188.shtml. Last accessed March 20th 2008.

[46] Gibbs Stephen. 'Banning smoke in the land of the Havanas', BBC News Bulletin, February 2005. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4247667.stm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.

[47] Gorry C. 'On Health's Trail in Tobacco & Rum Country', Medicc Review, January 2005. Available at http://www.medicc.org/publications/medicc review/0305/paaes/headlines in cuban health.html. Last accessed March 20th 2008.

[48] BBC News. 'Tough cigarette warnings introduced, BBC News Bulletin, January 2003. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2617585.stm. Last accessed April 5th 2008.

[49] Eaton T. 'Cuba working to snuff nation's tobacco habit', The Dallas Morning News, Saturday May 8, 2004. Available at http://www.latinamericanstudies.ora/cuba/snuff.htm. Last accessed March 20th 2008.

[50] Randi E. Foraker, Christi A., Patten, Keila and N. Lopez. 'Beliefs and attitudes regarding smoking among young adult Latinos', Preventive Medicine, 41 (2005) 126- 133.

International Journal of Cuban Studies

Combating Smoking in Cuba

Journal

Article

History

Related

Categories

Comment on this article