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US Policies, Ensuing Terrorism and Anti-Americanism: Some Reflections
Abstract
[The dawn of 21st Century was hailed by the people around the world with the hopes that it would be a millennium of global peace, justice and human development, but the tragic events of September 11, 2001, and disastrous US response to them set it off with terror, insecurity, injustice and economic collapse. The discourse on terrorism has generally been guided by the power-elite responsible for escalating violence. There is a need to provide appropriate space to alternate voices to counter the 'intellectual terrorism', to examine the causes of growing anti-Americanism, and to understand the relationship between US policies and terrorism. While the disapproval of US policies by the people worldwide began after the World War II, its intensity has increased manifold in response to the US policies framed in the post 9/11 scenario. While recent surveys show that ideology does play an important role in people's public and private lives, not only in the Muslim World but in the US as well, it would be naive to attribute anti-American sentiments to a particular religion, or followers of a particular religion. The US administration and policymakers need to go beyond the superficial analyses and understand the causes of terrorism and anti-Americanism.]
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[Footnotes]
Rubinstem and Smith (ed.), Anti-Americanism in the Third World.
Faath, Anti-Americanism in the Islamic world.
Gilani, The Voice of the People: Public Opinion in Pakistan 2007-2009.
Gilani, The Vices of the People, op.cit; IRI Index: Pakistan Public Opinion Survey; PEW Global Attitudes Project: Spring 2007 Survey.
New America Foundation, "Public Opinion in Pakistan's Tribal Regions.
PEW Global Survey op cit.
PEW Global survey op cit.
Woodward, Obama's Wars: The Inside Story.
Huntington, Who Are We: The challenges to America's National Identity, 30. Phillips, American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion.
Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, U.S.Reiigious Landscape Survey - Religious Beliefs and Practices: Diverse and Politically Relevant.
Esposito and Mogahed, Who Speaks for Islam?
Ibid, 74.
Griffin, 9/11 Contradictions; Shell, 9.11: The New Evidences Robinson; Meyssan, 9/11: The Big Lie, Carnot; Griffin, The New Pearl Harbour.
Stiglitz and Bilmas, The Three Trillion Dollar War: The True Cost of the Iraq Conflict.
Stephen, Terrorism and Justice: Moral Arguments in a Threatened World.
Mueller, Overblown.