The Kingdom Fungi is a diverse group of organisms with unique shapes, colors, and forms, such as caps, parasols, balls, and sheets. They are commonly known as mushrooms, which are the fruiting bodies of certain fungi that produce spores. Unlike plants, mushrooms lack chlorophyll and cannot produce their own food. They obtain nourishment, primarily carbohydrates, from dead or live plants and animals as saprophytes. The fungal network of fine threads called hyphae, known as mycelium, facilitates nutrient absorption. Fungi play a crucial role in the ecosystem as decomposers, breaking down plant debris rich in lignin. They have various applications in industries such as paper, pulp, wastewater treatment, textiles, and food. Some mushrooms, like shiitake and Pleurotus, have medicinal properties and are used for ailments like high blood pressure and diabetes. However, around 10% of mushroom species are poisonous. In India, there is limited research on the ecology of fungi, prompting a study in Pune. The study involved visiting different locations, collecting mushrooms, documenting their characteristics, and conducting microscopic examinations. The results showed the presence of numerous fungal species, primarily belonging to the Basidiomycetes group, including mushrooms, polypores, and gastromycetes. Urban plantations, particularly around the University campus, hosted a significant fungal diversity. However, factors like human activity, waste dumping, and urban encroachment pose threats to the existence of fungal diversity in the area