Looking back on her career in 1977, Bette Davis remembered with pride, “Women owned Hollywood for twenty years.” She had a point. During the 1930s and 1940s, the press claimed Hollywood was a generation or two ahead of the rest of the United States in terms of gender equality and employment, with women constituting 40% of film industry employees. Mary C. McCall Jr. was elected president of the Screen Writers Guild three times, and a quarter of all screenwriters were women. Barbara McLean was known as “Hollywood’s Editor-in-Chief.” She and her colleague Margaret Booth supervised their studios’ feature outputs and could order retakes on any director’s work. One woman ran MGM behind the scenes. Over a dozen women worked as producers of major feature films. Edith Head told American women what to wear for decades. Executive Anita Colby, “ ‘the Face with a brain to match,” told them how to do everything else. But historians, critics, and the public have largely forgotten this period and persist in seeing studio-era Hollywood as a place where the only careers open to women were passive, pretty directors’ dummies on-screen or underpaid, anonymous secretaries off-screen. This book tells another story of a “golden age” for women’s employment in the film industry and of Hollywood’s ranks of powerful organization women.
