Since their discovery almost 60 years ago, Corynebacterium glutamicum and related subspecies are writing a remarkable success story in industrial biotechnology. Today, these gram-positive soil bacteria, traditionally well-known as excellent producers of L-amino acids are becoming flexible, efficient production platforms for various chemicals, materials and fuels. This development is intensively driven by systems metabolic engineering concepts integrating systems biology and synthetic biology into strain engineering. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.