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      OncoTargets and Therapy (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on the pathological basis of cancers, potential targets for therapy and treatment protocols to improve the management of cancer patients. Publishing high-quality, original research on molecular aspects of cancer, including the molecular diagnosis, since 2008. Sign up for email alerts here. 50,877 Monthly downloads/views I 4.345 Impact Factor I 7.0 CiteScore I 0.81 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) I 0.811 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Progression of Thyroid Carcinoma Is Promoted by the m6A Methyltransferase METTL3 Through Regulating m 6A Methylation on TCF1

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          Abstract

          Objective

          This study aims to uncover the progression of thyroid carcinoma influenced by the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 through regulating m 6A methylation on TCF1 mRNA and the activated Wnt pathway.

          Methods

          Thyroid carcinoma tissues and paracancerous ones were collected for detecting levels of METTL3 and TCF1. Potential correlation between levels of METTL3 and TCF1 was analyzed by Pearson analysis. Survival of thyroid carcinoma patients influenced by METTL3 level was assessed by Kaplan–Meier method. Regulatory effect of METTL3 on migratory ability in TPC-1 cells was examined by wound healing assay. The interaction between METTL3 with TCF1 and IGF2BP2 was verified by RNA-Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Meanwhile, the activity of the Wnt pathway was reflected by TOP/FOP-Flash. At last, rescue experiments were conducted to clarify the involvement of TCF1 in phenotype changes of thyroid carcinoma cells that were regulated by METTL3.

          Results

          METTL3 and TCF1 were upregulated in thyroid carcinoma. Similarly, METTL3 was highly expressed in thyroid carcinoma cells as well. Kaplan–Meier method uncovered poor prognosis in thyroid carcinoma patients expressing a high level of METTL3. Silence of METTL3 inhibited migratory ability and Wnt activity in TPC-1 cells. RIP assay confirmed the interaction between TCF1 and METTL3 or IGF2BP2. Moreover, METTL3 positively regulated the enrichment abundance of TCF1 in anti-IGF2BP2. Rescue experiments demonstrated that TCF1 was responsible for METTL3-regulated thyroid carcinoma progression via the m 6A methylation.

          Conclusion

          Upregulated m6A methyltransferase METTL3 promotes the progression of thyroid carcinoma through m 6A methylation on TCF1.

          Most cited references22

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          Thyroid cancer

          Thyroid cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women in the USA, and an estimated over 62 000 new cases occurred in men and women in 2015. The incidence continues to rise worldwide. Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most frequent subtype of thyroid cancer and in most patients the standard treatment (surgery followed by either radioactive iodine or observation) is effective. Patients with other, more rare subtypes of thyroid cancer-medullary and anaplastic-are ideally treated by physicians with experience managing these malignancies. Targeted treatments that are approved for differentiated and medullary thyroid cancers have prolonged progression-free survival, but these drugs are not curative and therefore are reserved for patients with progressive or symptomatic disease.
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            Rethinking m6A Readers, Writers, and Erasers.

            In recent years, m6A has emerged as an abundant and dynamically regulated modification throughout the transcriptome. Recent technological advances have enabled the transcriptome-wide identification of m6A residues, which in turn has provided important insights into the biology and regulation of this pervasive regulatory mark. Also central to our current understanding of m6A are the discovery and characterization of m6A readers, writers, and erasers. Over the last few years, studies into the function of these proteins have led to important discoveries about the regulation and function of m6A. However, during this time our understanding of these proteins has also evolved considerably, sometimes leading to the reversal of early concepts regarding the reading, writing and erasing of m6A. In this review, we summarize recent advances in m6A research, and we highlight how these new findings have reshaped our understanding of how m6A is regulated in the transcriptome.
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              N6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO targets pre-mRNAs and regulates alternative splicing and 3′-end processing

              Abstract N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant base modification found in messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The discovery of FTO as the first m6A mRNA demethylase established the concept of reversible RNA modification. Here, we present a comprehensive transcriptome-wide analysis of RNA demethylation and uncover FTO as a potent regulator of nuclear mRNA processing events such as alternative splicing and 3΄ end mRNA processing. We show that FTO binds preferentially to pre-mRNAs in intronic regions, in the proximity of alternatively spliced (AS) exons and poly(A) sites. FTO knockout (KO) results in substantial changes in pre-mRNA splicing with prevalence of exon skipping events. The alternative splicing effects of FTO KO anti-correlate with METTL3 knockdown suggesting the involvement of m6A. Besides, deletion of intronic region that contains m6A-linked DRACH motifs partially rescues the FTO KO phenotype in a reporter system. All together, we demonstrate that the splicing effects of FTO are dependent on the catalytic activity in vivo and are mediated by m6A. Our results reveal for the first time the dynamic connection between FTO RNA binding and demethylation activity that influences several mRNA processing events.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Onco Targets Ther
                Onco Targets Ther
                OTT
                ott
                OncoTargets and therapy
                Dove
                1178-6930
                21 February 2020
                2020
                : 13
                : 1605-1612
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Chao Chen Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province , No. 1, Banshan East Road, Hangzhou310022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 571 8812 2222 Email Lancet2000@msn.com
                Article
                234751
                10.2147/OTT.S234751
                7044742
                32c0e6ce-82be-43c7-b324-ca07ff3b552a
                © 2020 Wang et al.

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                : 15 October 2019
                : 04 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 1, References: 33, Pages: 8
                Funding
                International Cooperation Project of the Zhejiang Basic Research Program (LGJ18H160002) funded this study.
                Categories
                Original Research

                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                thyroid carcinoma,m6a,methyltransferase mettl3,tcf1,migration
                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                thyroid carcinoma, m6a, methyltransferase mettl3, tcf1, migration

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