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      Enhanced Prophylaxis plus Antiretroviral Therapy for Advanced HIV Infection in Africa.

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          Abstract

          In sub-Saharan Africa, among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the rate of death from infection (including tuberculosis and cryptococcus) shortly after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is approximately 10%.

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          Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection

          Jens D Lundgren, Abdel Babiker, Fred Gordin … (2015)
          New England Journal of Medicine, 373(9), 795-807
          Article 0 comments Cited 507 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A Trial of Early Antiretrovirals and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Africa.

            Christine Danel, Raoul Moh, Delphine Gabillard … (2015)
            In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis is high. We conducted a trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design to assess the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART), 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), or both among HIV-infected adults with high CD4+ cell counts in Ivory Coast.
            Article 0 comments Cited 243 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Estimation of the current global burden of cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDS.

              Benjamin J Park, Kathleen A. Wannemuehler, Barbara J. Marston … (2009)
              Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the most important HIV-related opportunistic infections, especially in the developing world. In order to help develop global strategies and priorities for prevention and treatment, it is important to estimate the burden of cryptococcal meningitis. Global burden of disease estimation using published studies. We used the median incidence rate of available studies in a geographic region to estimate the region-specific cryptococcal meningitis incidence; this was multiplied by the 2007 United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS HIV population estimate for each region to estimate cryptococcal meningitis cases. To estimate deaths, we assumed a 9% 3-month case-fatality rate among high-income regions, a 55% rate among low-income and middle-income regions, and a 70% rate in sub-Saharan Africa, based on studies published in these areas and expert opinion. Published incidence ranged from 0.04 to 12% per year among persons with HIV. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest yearly burden estimate (median incidence 3.2%, 720 000 cases; range, 144 000-1.3 million). Median incidence was lowest in Western and Central Europe and Oceania (
              Article 0 comments Cited 164 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): N. Engl. J. Med.
                Title: The New England journal of medicine
                Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
                ISSN (Electronic): 1533-4406
                ISSN (Print): 0028-4793
                Publication date (Electronic): July 20 2017
                Volume: 377
                Issue: 3
                Affiliations
                [1 ] From the University of Zimbabwe Clinical Research Center, Harare, Zimbabwe (J.H., M.B.-D., G.M., K.N.); Joint Clinical Research Center, Kampala (V.M., C.K., P.M.), Mbarara (A.L.), and Fort Portal (S. Kabahenda) - all in Uganda; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London (A.J.S., S.L.P., A.G., M.J.T., A.S.W., D.M.G.), Wellcome Trust Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine and Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College (K.M.), and Queen Mary University of London (A.J.P.), London, and the Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York (S.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Department of Medicine and Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Program, Blantyre, Malawi (J.M., S. Kaunda); and Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret (A.S., M.K.), and the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi (C.A., K.M.) - both in Kenya.
                Article
                Mid ID: EMS73870
                DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615822
                PMC ID: 5603269
                PubMed ID: 28723333
                SO-VID: 6319f8d9-b435-4da3-ae7f-596ed08d903b
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