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      Palatal Rugae Patterns of Urhobos in Abraka, South-Southern Nigeria Translated title: Patrones de Rugas Palatinas de los Urhobos en Abraka, Sur-Sur de Nigeria

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          Abstract

          Human identification is a major task undertaken in forensic sciences. Palato-rugoscopy is based on the principle that no two palates are the same. The study of palatine rugae and the study of fingerprints are sometimes complementary as they operate in similar methods based on same scientific basis. The study intends to describe the shape and gender distribution of the palatine rugae and their prevalence in the studied population. The study sample consisted of 84 subjects, 42 males and 42 females of Urhobo ethnic and cultural background, between 17 and 30 years old, with full complement of maxillary teeth, drawn purposively from Abraka. The prevalence of palatal rugae shapes was: line (27.2%), sinuous (21.1%), angle (18.1%), polymorphhic (15.5%), point (7.5%), curve (6.2%), circle (4.2%). The total number of palatal rugae shape in the overall sample was 520, with females being slightly higher (51.5%) having mean of 6.38 (SD 1.45) than males (48.5%) having mean of 6 (SD 1.72). However, the difference between male and female was not statistically significant. The individualized pattern of palatal rugae makes it a reliable guiding tool in forensic identification.

          Translated abstract

          La identificación humana es la principal tarea de las ciencias forenses. La palatorugoscopía se basa en el principio de que no hay dos paladares iguales. El estudio de los pliegues palatinos y el estudio de las huellas dactilares son en ocasiones complementarios, ya que operan con los mismos métodos, basados en las mismas bases científicas. Este estudio pretende describir la forma y la distribución por sexo de las rugas palatinas y su prevalencia en la población estudiada. La población de estudio consistió en 84 sujetos, 42 hombres y 42 mujeres de origen étnica y cultural Urhobo, entre 17 y 30 años de edad, con dotación completa de los dientes superiores, realizado en Abraka. La prevalencia de las diferentes formas de rugas palatinas fue: lineal (27,2%), sinuosa (21,1%), angular (18,1%), polimórfica (15,5%), en punto (7,5%), curva (6,2%) y circular (4,2%). El número total de formas de rugas palatinas en la muestra fue de 520, ligeramente superior en mujeres (51,5%) con una media de 6,38 (DE 1,45) que los hombres (48,5%), con una media de 6 (DE 1,72). Sin embargo, la diferencia entre hombres y mujeres no fue estadísticamente significativa. El patrón individualizado de las rugas palatinas es una herramienta de guía confiable para la identificación forense.

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          Most cited references20

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          Plicae palatinae transversae and papilla incisiva in man; a morphologic and genetic study.

          L Lysell (1954)
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            Palatine rugae and their significance in clinical dentistry: a review of the literature.

            The palatine rugae have interested dentists not only because of their typical pattern of orientation but also because of their usefulness as a reference landmark in various dental treatment modalities. The pattern of orientation is formed by the 12th to 14th week of prenatal life and remains stable until the oral mucosa degenerates after death. The palatine rugae possess unique characteristics that could be used in circumstances in which it is difficult to identify a dead person according to fingerprints or dental records. The authors reviewed the literature by using key words regarding the anatomy, development, classification, clinical significance and forensic aspects of palatine rugae. Palatine rugae are permanent and unique to each person, and clinicians and scientists can use them to establish identity through discrimination. If particular rugae patterns could be established for different ethnic groups, they would assist the forensic odontologist in the identification of a person. Because they are a stable landmark, the palatine rugae also can play a significant role in clinical dentistry.
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              Changes in the position of posterior teeth in relation to ruga points.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ijmorphol
                International Journal of Morphology
                Int. J. Morphol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía (Temuco )
                0717-9502
                June 2012
                : 30
                : 2
                : 709-713
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Delta State University Nigeria
                Article
                S0717-95022012000200059
                10.4067/S0717-95022012000200059
                00109daf-2f93-4592-9ef9-62a475958506

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Chile

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0717-9502&lng=en
                Categories
                ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

                Anatomy & Physiology
                Forensic anthropology,Palatal ruguscopy,Human identification,Morphology,Antropología forense,Ruguscopía palatina,Identificación humana,Morfología

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