Assessing the validity and reliability of the Turkish versions of craving beliefs and beliefs about substance use questionnaire in patients with heroin use disorder: demonstrating valid tools to assess cognition-emotion interplay

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Abstract

Background

Cognitions associated with craving and substance use are important contributors for the psychological theories of Substance use disorders (SUD), as they may affect the course and treatment. In this study, we aimed to validate Turkish version of two major scales ‘Beliefs About Substance Use’(BSU) and ‘Craving Beliefs Questionnaire’(CBQ) in patients with heroin use disorder and define the interaction of these beliefs with patient profile, depression and anxiety symptoms, with an aim to use these thoughts as targets for treatment.

Methods

One hundred seventy-six inpatients diagnosed with heroin use disorder and 120 participants in the healthy comparison group were evaluated with CBQ, BSU, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and sociodemographic data questionnaire. Patient group was also evaluated with Addiction Profile Index. Reliability and validity analysis for scales were conducted. Linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the determinants of BSU and CBQ scores.

Results

Cronbach alpha level was 0.93 for BSU and 0.94 for CBQ. Patient group showed significantly higher CBQ, BSU, BAI and BDI scores ( p < 0.001). BSU score significantly correlated with API-substance use profile score, API-diagnosis, BAI, BDI and CBQ ( p < 0.005), whereas CBQ scores significantly correlated with API-diagnosis, API-impact on life, API-craving, API-total score, BSU, BAI, BDI and amount of cigarette smoking ( p < 0.002). Number of previous treatments and age of onset for substance use were not correlated with either BSU or CBQ. BAI and BDI scores significantly predicted BSU score, however only BDI score predicted CBQ score ( p < 0.003).

Conclusions

Craving beliefs were highly correlated with addiction profile. Anxiety and depression are significant modulators for patients’ beliefs about substance use and depression is a modulator for craving and maladaptive beliefs, validating emotion-cognition interplay in addiction.

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Most cited references 22

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A Systematic Review on the Use of Psychosocial Interventions in Conjunction With Medications for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction

Karen Dugosh, Amanda J Abraham, Brittany Seymour … (2016)

Opioid use and overdose rates have risen to epidemic levels in the United States during the past decade. Fortunately, there are effective medications (ie, methadone, buprenorphine, and oral and injectable naltrexone) available for the treatment of opioid addiction. Each of these medications is approved for use in conjunction with psychosocial treatment; however, there is a dearth of empirical research on the optimal psychosocial interventions to use with these medications. In this systematic review, we outline and discuss the findings of 3 prominent prior reviews and 27 recent publications of empirical studies on this topic. The most widely studied psychosocial interventions examined in conjunction with medications for opioid addiction were contingency management and cognitive behavioral therapy, with the majority focusing on methadone treatment. The results generally support the efficacy of providing psychosocial interventions in combination with medications to treat opioid addictions, although the incremental utility varied across studies, outcomes, medications, and interventions. The review highlights significant gaps in the literature and provides areas for future research. Given the enormity of the current opioid problem in the United States, it is critical to gain a better understanding of the most effective ways to deliver psychosocial treatments in conjunction with these medications to improve the health and well-being of individuals suffering from opioid addiction.

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Stress-induced cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of cocaine relapse outcomes.

Mary Kreek, Miguel Knight, Prashni Paliwal … (2006)

Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent cocaine relapse. Prospective study design assessing cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. Forty-nine treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent individuals. Time to cocaine relapse, number of days of cocaine use, and amount of cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in cocaine dependence.

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Anhedonia and Substance Dependence: Clinical Correlates and Treatment Options

Daniele Stavros Hatzigiakoumis, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo Di Giannantonio … (2011)

Anhedonia is a condition in which the capacity of experiencing pleasure is totally or partially lost, and it refers to both a state symptom in various psychiatric disorders and a personality trait. It has a putative neural substrate, originating in the dopaminergic mesolimbic and mesocortical reward circuit. Anhedonia frequently occurs in mood disorders, as a negative symptom in schizophrenia, and in substance use disorders. In particular, we focus our attention on the relationships occurring between anhedonia and substance use disorders, as highlighted by many studies. Several authors suggested that anhedonia is an important factor involved in relapse as well as in the transition from recreational use to excessive drug intake. In particular, anhedonia has been found to be a frequent feature in alcoholics and addicted patients during acute and chronic withdrawal as well as in cocaine, stimulant, and cannabis abusers. Furthermore, in subjects with a substance dependence disorder, there is a significant correlation between anhedonia, craving, intensity of withdrawal symptoms, and psychosocial and personality characteristics. Therefore treating anhedonia in detoxified alcohol-dependent subjects could be critical in terms of relapse prevention strategies, given its strong relationship with craving.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Melike Küçükkarapınar:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-4029

mdmelikek@gmail.com

Hale Yapici Eser: hyapici@ku.edu.tr

Vahap Ozan Kotan: ozankotan79@yahoo.com

Merve Yalcinay-Inan: myalcinay@kuh.ku.edu.tr

Rifat Tarhan: rifattarhan@hotmail.com

Zehra Arikan: zarikan54@hotmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

Title: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1747-597X

Publication date (Electronic): 22 August 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 22 August 2018

Publication date Collection: 2018

Volume: 13

Electronic Location Identifier: 29

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Psychiatry, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2169 7132, GRID grid.25769.3f, Department of Psychiatry, , Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, ; Ankara, Turkey

[3 ]ISNI 0000000106887552, GRID grid.15876.3d, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey & Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), ; İstanbul, Turkey

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0642 7670, GRID grid.413791.9, Department of Psychiatry, , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, ; Ankara, Turkey

[5 ]ISNI 0000 0001 1457 1144, GRID grid.411548.d, Department of Psychiatry, , Başkent University, School of Medicine, ; Ankara, Turkey

[6 ]Safranbolu State Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey

[7 ]ISNI 0000000106887552, GRID grid.15876.3d, Department of Psychiatry, , Koç University Hospital, ; İstanbul, Turkey

Author information

Melike Küçükkarapınar http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-4029

Article

Publisher ID: 166

DOI: 10.1186/s13011-018-0166-1

PMC ID: 6106818

PubMed ID: 30134921

SO-VID: 0273d52b-71da-43f2-b938-d514339551a5

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 16 March 2018

Date accepted : 16 July 2018

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care

Keywords: beliefs about substance use,craving beliefs questionnaire,heroin,opioid use disorder

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care

Keywords: beliefs about substance use, craving beliefs questionnaire, heroin, opioid use disorder

Assessing the validity and reliability of the Turkish versions of craving beliefs and beliefs about substance use questionnaire in patients with heroin use disorder: demonstrating valid tools to assess cognition-emotion interplay

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Most cited references 22

A Systematic Review on the Use of Psychosocial Interventions in Conjunction With Medications for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction

Stress-induced cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of cocaine relapse outcomes.

Anhedonia and Substance Dependence: Clinical Correlates and Treatment Options

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