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      Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia: A rare complication of prolonged alcohol abuse

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia is rare, however, extremely disabling complication seen in patient with alcohol dependence syndrome, which if not addressed properly and at the right time may lead to persisting deficits. We here report a patient of alcohol-dependence syndrome who presented with significant diminution of vision bilaterally in the background of excess alcohol consumption.

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          B Vitamin deficiency and neuropsychiatric syndromes in alcohol misuse.

          Alcohol misuse and alcohol withdrawal are associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric syndromes, some of which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. B vitamin deficiency is known to contribute to the aetiology of a number of these syndromes, and B vitamin supplementation thus plays a significant part in prophylaxis and treatment. In particular, the Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome (WKS). due to thiamine deficiency, is a common condition in association with alcohol misuse, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Nicotinamide deficiency may result in a rarer condition, alcoholic pellagra encephalopathy, which often has a similar clinical presentation to WKS. This review considers the role of B vitamins in the aetiology and treatment of neuropsychiatric syndromes associated with alcohol misuse, with particular emphasis on WKS.
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            Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia: a maculopathy?

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              Toxic optic neuropathy.

              Toxic optic neuropathy is a complex, multifactorial disease potentially affecting individuals of all ages, races, places, and economic strata. Etiology includes nutritional, environmental, toxicologic, and genetic factors. Most cases of nutritional amblyopia are encountered in disadvantaged countries. However, toxic amblyopia related to drug treatment or alcohol abuse is also encountered in the Western world. Typically, toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy is progressive, with bilateral symmetrical painless visual loss causing central or cecocentral scotoma. There is no specific treatment for this disorder. Nevertheless, early detection and prompt management may ameliorate and even prevent severe visual deficit.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Ind Psychiatry J
                Ind Psychiatry J
                IPJ
                Industrial Psychiatry Journal
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0972-6748
                0976-2795
                Jan-Jun 2011
                : 20
                : 1
                : 66-68
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Jyoti Prakash, Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune - 411 040, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: drjyotiprakashpsy@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                IPJ-20-66
                10.4103/0972-6748.98424
                3425252
                22969186
                02d6f78b-0bed-4abb-ab1c-956c52720a9e
                Copyright: © Industrial Psychiatry Journal

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Case Report

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                alcohol-dependence syndrome,tobacco,amblyopia
                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                alcohol-dependence syndrome, tobacco, amblyopia

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