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      Riqueza de fungos ingoldianos e de fungos aquático-facultativos no Parque Municipal do Carmo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil Translated title: Richness of ingoldian fungi and aquatic facultative fungi in the Parque Municipal do Carmo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil

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          Abstract

          RESUMO A riqueza de fungos ingoldianos, fungos aquático-facultativos e algumas variáveis abióticas foram avaliadas em alguns lagos e riachos no Parque do Carmo na cidade de São Paulo, SP. Coletas mensais de folhedo misto submerso foram realizadas de março de 2007 a junho de 2009. Adicionalmente, a temperatura, pH, oxigênio dissolvido e a condutividade foram medidos com um equipamento multisonda. No laboratório, as folhas foram lavadas, divididas em fragmentos (1 cm2), incubadas em água destilada esterilizada (30 dias, 22 °C) e analisadas microscopicamente para identificação dos táxons com base na literatura pertinente. Foram obtidos 35 táxons, divididos em 22 fungos ingoldianos, (mais frequentes nos córregos) e 13 fungos aquático-facultativos (mais frequentes nos lagos). A riqueza da micota nas épocas secas e frias foi semelhante a das épocas chuvosas e quentes, porém diminuiu nas épocas secas e quentes. O tipo de estação climática exerceu maior influência na riqueza de fungos do que o tipo de local de coleta, com correlações positivas entre a micota, a temperatura e a condutividade elétrica da água. O Parque do Carmo apresenta riqueza considerável de fungos ingoldianos e aquático-facultativos, oferecendo ambientes aquáticos interessantes para estudos sobre a influência climática sazonal na micota aquática urbana.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The richness of ingoldian fungi, aquatic facultative fungi, and some abiotic variables were evaluated in some lakes and streams of the Parque do Carmo, in the city of São Paulo, in São Paulo State. Monthly collections of submerged mixed leaf samples were carried out from March 2007 to June 2009. Additionally, the temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity were measured using a multi-probe. In the laboratory, leaves were washed, divided into fragments (1 cm2), incubated in sterile distilled water (30 days, 22 °C) and analyzed under microscope for fungal identification by means of the current literature. Thirty-five fungal taxa were obtained, which were divided into 22 ingoldian fungi (more frequent in the streams), and 13 aquatic facultative fungi (more frequent in the lakes). The richness of the mycota in the dry and cold seasons was similar to that of the rainy and hot seasons, but it decreased in the dry and hot periods. The climatic season had a greater influence on fungal richness than the type of collection site, with positive correlations between the mycota, the temperature and the electrical conductivity of the water. The Parque do Carmo presents a considerable richness of ingoldian and aquatic facultative fungi, and offers interesting aquatic environments for studies related to the seasonal climatic influence on the urban aquatic mycota.

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          Most cited references19

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          Continental-scale effects of nutrient pollution on stream ecosystem functioning.

          Excessive nutrient loading is a major threat to aquatic ecosystems worldwide that leads to profound changes in aquatic biodiversity and biogeochemical processes. Systematic quantitative assessment of functional ecosystem measures for river networks is, however, lacking, especially at continental scales. Here, we narrow this gap by means of a pan-European field experiment on a fundamental ecosystem process--leaf-litter breakdown--in 100 streams across a greater than 1000-fold nutrient gradient. Dramatically slowed breakdown at both extremes of the gradient indicated strong nutrient limitation in unaffected systems, potential for strong stimulation in moderately altered systems, and inhibition in highly polluted streams. This large-scale response pattern emphasizes the need to complement established structural approaches (such as water chemistry, hydrogeomorphology, and biological diversity metrics) with functional measures (such as litter-breakdown rate, whole-system metabolism, and nutrient spiraling) for assessing ecosystem health.
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            Regulation of Leaf Breakdown by Fungi in Streams: Influences of Water Chemistry

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              Biodiversity of freshwater fungi

              T K Goh, K Hyde (1996)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                hoehnea
                Hoehnea
                Hoehnea
                Instituto de Botânica (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0073-2877
                2236-8906
                June 2018
                : 45
                : 3
                : 379-393
                Affiliations
                [1] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameInstituto de Botânica orgdiv1Núcleo de Pesquisas em Micologia Brazil
                [2] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameInstituto de Botânica orgdiv1Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecologia Brazil
                Article
                S2236-89062018000300379
                10.1590/2236-8906-24/2018
                03c692ff-f13e-46a8-ba0a-2f9ac86b7e90

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 March 2018
                : 18 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                climatic conditions,fungos de água doce,diversidade fúngica,condições climáticas,águas urbanas,urban waters,fungal diversity,freshwater fungi

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