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      Dieta y estructura trófica de un ensamblaje de murciélagos en los bosques montanos del Santuario Nacional Pampa Hermosa, Junín, Perú Translated title: Diet and trophic structure in an assemblage of bats in montane forest of Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary, Junin, Peru

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          Abstract

          Se estudia la dieta y la estructura trófica de 36 especies de murciélagos del Santuario Nacional Pampa Hermosa. Se analizaron muestras fecales y geles con polen. En las fecas se encontraron semillas, polen y restos de artrópodos. Los murciélagos se clasificaron en seis grupos funcionales. En la dieta de los frugívoros sedentarios (FS), frugívoros nómades (FN) y nectarívoros (N) se identificaron 70 morfoespecies de semillas y polen; en la dieta de los insectívoros aéreos (IA) e insectívoros recolectores (IR) se identificaron nueve morfo especies de artrópodos. El análisis de componentes principales muestra la separación de los murciélagos y sus dietas. Carollia brevicauda-Piperaceae (Piper spp.), Vampyressa melissa-Moraceae (Ficus spp.), Sturnira lilium-Solanaceae; Anoura peruana y Anoura cultrata separados por el consumo de Fabaceae y Bombacaceae, respectivamente, y Myotis spp. por el consumo de artrópodos. La amplitud de nicho alimentario fue menor de 0.50, en todo el ensamblaje. Los valores de solapamiento de dieta fueron mayores de 0.5 entre: A. cultrata-A. caudifer (0.59), Sturnira lilium-Uroderma bilobatum (0.55), V. melissa-Platyrrhinus masu (0.62), y en general para los IA e IR. El análisis de agrupamiento basado en los valores de solapamiento de dieta, agrupa a los frugívoros estrictos Sternodermatinae separándolos de los murciélagos con dietas insectívoras, como Carollia spp. y Anoura spp.

          Translated abstract

          We study the diet and trophic structure of 36 bat species from the Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary. Faeces samples and gels with pollen were analyzed; seeds, pollen and remains of arthropods were found in the feces. Bats were classified in six functional groups. We found in the diet of the sedentary frugivores (FS), frugivorous nomads (FN) and nectarivores (N), 70 morphospecies of seed and pollen; in the diet of the aerial insectivorous (IA) and foliage gleaners (IR), nine morphospecies of arthropods. Principal component analysis shows the separation of bats and their diets; Carollia brevicauda-Piperaceae (Piper spp.), Vampyressa melissa-Moraceae (Ficus spp.), Sturnira lilium-Solanaceae; Anoura peruana and Anoura cultrata were separated by the consumption of Fabaceae and Bombacaceae, respectively, and Myotis spp. for the consumption of arthropods. The niche breadth was less than 0.50, in the assemblage. The values of dietary overlap were higher than 0.5, between: A. cultrata-A. caudifer (0.59), Sturnira lilium-Uroderma bilobatum (0.55), V. melissa-Platyrrhinus masu (0.62), in for the almost of AI and IR. The cluster analysis based on dietary overlap grouped to the strict frugivores Sternodermatinae in a different cluster than bats with insectivorous diets, as Carollia spp. and Anoura spp.

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          Simplifying the Jargon of Community Ecology: A Conceptual Approach

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            PHYLOGENY OF PHYLLOSTOMID BATS (MAMMALIA: CHIROPTERA): DATA FROM DIVERSE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, SEX CHROMOSOMES, AND RESTRICTION SITES

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              Molecular Diet Analysis of Two African Free-Tailed Bats (Molossidae) Using High Throughput Sequencing

              Given the diversity of prey consumed by insectivorous bats, it is difficult to discern the composition of their diet using morphological or conventional PCR-based analyses of their faeces. We demonstrate the use of a powerful alternate tool, the use of the Roche FLX sequencing platform to deep-sequence uniquely 5′ tagged insect-generic barcode cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) fragments, that were PCR amplified from faecal pellets of two free-tailed bat species Chaerephon pumilus and Mops condylurus (family: Molossidae). Although the analyses were challenged by the paucity of southern African insect COI sequences in the GenBank and BOLD databases, similarity to existing collections allowed the preliminary identification of 25 prey families from six orders of insects within the diet of C. pumilus, and 24 families from seven orders within the diet of M. condylurus. Insects identified to families within the orders Lepidoptera and Diptera were widely present among the faecal samples analysed. The two families that were observed most frequently were Noctuidae and Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera). Species-level analysis of the data was accomplished using novel bioinformatics techniques for the identification of molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU). Based on these analyses, our data provide little evidence of resource partitioning between sympatric M. condylurus and C. pumilus in the Simunye region of Swaziland at the time of year when the samples were collected, although as more complete databases against which to compare the sequences are generated this may have to be re-evaluated.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rpb
                Revista Peruana de Biología
                Rev. peru biol.
                Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Lima, , Peru )
                1727-9933
                April 2019
                : 26
                : 2
                : 169-182
                Affiliations
                [03] Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas orgdiv2Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Antonio Raimondi Perú
                [01] Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos orgdiv1Museo de Historia Natural Perú
                [02] Lima orgnameUniversidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae Perú
                Article
                S1727-99332019000200001
                10.15381/rpb.v26i2.16375
                0705dfcf-5c72-4baa-95c1-782d6fe965af

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 May 2019
                : 31 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 73, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Trabajos originales

                bats,diet,elevations,functional groups,specialization,phylogeny,dieta,murciélagos,grupos funcionales,especialización,filogenia

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