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      Efectos adversos de las sustancias modelantes en Cali, Colombia Translated title: Adverse effects of modeling substances in Cali, Colombia

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          Abstract

          Introducción

          El deseo de mejorar la apariencia física mediante métodos sencillos y económicos, ha generado la aplicación indiscriminada de sustancias modelantes y, con ello, el surgimiento de la alogenosis iatrogénica, enfermedad cada vez más prevalente en Latinoamérica.

          Objetivo

          Describir las características epidemiológicas y los efectos adversos de las sustancias modelantes en un grupo de pacientes de Cali, Colombia.

          Materiales y métodos

          Se hizo una revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de los pacientes que acudieron a consulta por complicaciones producidas por sustancias modelantes durante un sexenio.

          Resultados

          Se incluyeron 1.322 pacientes, 95,5% de ellos mujeres. Las edades oscilaron entre los 19 y los 83 años, con una media de 39 años. El sitio anatómico de infiltración con sustancias modelantes con mayor frecuencia de efectos adversos, fueron los glúteos. La asimetría y el aumento del volumen en el sitio infiltrado fueron los signos más comunes, en tanto que el dolor, las alteraciones del ánimo y la depresión o la ansiedad fueron los síntomas más percibidos. El 33,6% de los pacientes desconocía la sustancia aplicada y el 28,1% refirió haberse aplicado biopolímeros. La mayoría de estos procedimientos estuvo a cargo de personal sin la debida formación.

          Conclusiones

          Estos pacientes requieren la atención de equipos multidisciplinarios para establecer alternativas de tratamiento que mejoren su calidad de vida. Además, se necesitan la regulación de los establecimientos, y las medidas de vigilancia, inspección y control en la importación y el uso de estas sustancias.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction

          The desire to improve one’s physical appearance through simple and economical methods has resulted in the indiscriminate application of modeling substances. As a result, iatrogenic allogenosis has emerged as an increasingly prevalent disease in Latin America.

          Objective

          To describe the epidemiological characteristics and adverse effects arising from the use of modeling substances in a group of patients from Cali, Colombia.

          Materials and methods

          We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who consulted for complications arising from the use of modeling substances during a six-year period.

          Results

          A total of 1,322 patients were included of whom 95.5% were women. Patients’ ages ranged from 19 to 83 years, with an average of 39 years. The most infiltrated anatomical site showing adverse effects due to modeling substances was the buttocks. The asymmetry and increased volume of the infiltrated site were the most common signs while pain, mood disturbances, and depression or anxiety were the most commonly perceived symptoms. A total of 41.8% of patients ignored what substances they had received, and 28.5% received biopolymers; these procedures were mostly performed by non-qualified personnel.

          Conclusions

          The care of these patients requires multidisciplinary teams to establish treatment alternatives to improve their quality of life. In addition, the regulation of establishments, as well as the surveillance, inspection, and control of the imports and use of these substances should be warranted.

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          Most cited references20

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          Global Aesthetics Consensus: Avoidance and Management of Complications from Hyaluronic Acid Fillers—Evidence- and Opinion-Based Review and Consensus Recommendations

          Background: Although the safety profile of hyaluronic acid fillers is favorable, adverse reactions can occur. Clinicians and patients can benefit from ongoing guidance on adverse reactions to hyaluronic acid fillers and their management. Methods: A multinational, multidisciplinary group of experts in cosmetic medicine convened the Global Aesthetics Consensus Group to review the properties and clinical uses of Hylacross and Vycross hyaluronic acid products and develop updated consensus recommendations for early and late complications associated with hyaluronic acid fillers. Results: The consensus panel provided specific recommendations focusing on early and late complications of hyaluronic acid fillers and their management. The impact of patient-, product-, and technique-related factors on such reactions was described. Most of these were noted to be mild and transient. Serious adverse events are rare. Early adverse reactions to hyaluronic acid fillers include vascular infarction and compromise; inflammatory reactions; injection-related events; and inappropriate placement of filler material. Among late reactions are nodules, granulomas, and skin discoloration. Most adverse events can be avoided with proper planning and technique. Detailed understanding of facial anatomy, proper patient and product selection, and appropriate technique can further reduce the risks. Should adverse reactions occur, the clinician must be prepared and have tools available for effective treatment. Conclusions: Adverse reactions with hyaluronic acid fillers are uncommon. Clinicians should take steps to further reduce the risk and be prepared to treat any complications that arise.
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            An overview of permanent and semipermanent fillers.

            The demand for safe, effective, long-lasting, biocompatible dermal filler materials is increasing. Many products that include synthetic polymers and autologous tissue have emerged that attempt to meet these criteria. An overview of injectable permanent fillers, including ArteFill, Aquamid, and silicone, and semipermanent fillers, including Radiesse, Sculptra, and autologous fat, is presented. A discussion of their composition, histologic characteristics, antigenicity, U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval status, indications for use, efficacy, injection technique, and adverse effects is provided.
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              Autoinflammatory/autoimmunity syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA; Shoenfeld's syndrome): A new flame

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Biomedica
                Biomedica
                Biomédica
                Biomédica
                Biteca
                0120-4157
                2590-7379
                16 October 2020
                19 March 2021
                : 41
                : 1
                : 123-130
                Affiliations
                [1 ]deptEquipo Banco de Proyectos, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública , Instituto Nacional de Salud , Bogotá, , D.C. , Colombia
                [2 ]Centro Médico Santuario , Cali, , Colombia
                [3 ]deptDirección General , Instituto Nacional de Salud , Bogotá, , D.C. , Colombia
                [4 ]deptDirección de Investigación en Salud Pública , Instituto Nacional de Salud , Bogotá, , D.C. , Colombia
                Author notes
                Correspondencia: Claudia Marcela Castro, Equipo Banco de Proyectos, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida calle 26 N o 51-20, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, Teléfono: (571) (312) 454 9030, ccastro@ 123456ins.gov.co

                Contribución de los autores:

                Carlos Ríos y Carlos López: concepción y diseño; obtención y extracción de datos

                Martha Lucía Ospina: concepción y diseño

                Yamileth Ortiz: análisis de los datos

                Claudia Marcela Castro: todas las etapas del estudio

                Todos los autores participaron en la escritura y revisión del manuscrito.

                Article
                5707
                10.7705/biomedica.5707
                8055588
                33761195
                07156b56-959f-45a0-8946-f6c6240019fc
                Copyright @ 2020

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 08 July 2020
                : 16 October 2020
                Categories
                Article

                biopolímeros,efectos adversos,enfermedad iatrogénica,contraindicaciones de los procedimientos,estética,procedimientos quirúrgicos reconstructivos,biopolymers,adverse effects,iatrogenic disease,contraindications, procedure,esthetics,reconstructive surgical procedures

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