Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy significantly reduced biochemical recurrence compared to retro pubic radical prostatectomy

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Abstract

Background

The pathological and oncological outcomes of retro-pubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) have not been sufficiently investigated.

Methods

Treatment-naïve patients with localized prostate cancer (PC) ( n = 908; RRP, n = 490; and RARP, n = 418) were enrolled in the study. The clinicopathological outcomes, rate and localization of the positive surgical margin (PSM), localization of PSM, and biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival groups were compared between RRP and RARP.

Results

The median patient age and serum PSA level (ng/mL) at diagnosis were 67 years and 7.9 ng/ml, respectively, for RRP, and 67 years and 7.6 ng/ml, respectively, for RARP. The overall PSM rate with RARP was 21%, which was 11% for pT2a, 12% for pT2b, 9.8% for pT2c, 43% for pT3a, 55% for pT3b, and 0% for pT4. The overall PSM rate with RRP was 44%, which was 12% for pT2a, 18% for pT2b, 43% for pT2c, 78% for pT3a, 50% for pT3b, and 40% for pT4. The PSM rate was significantly lower for RARP in men with pT2c and pT3a ( p < 0.0001 for both). Multivariate analysis showed that RARP reduced the risk of BCR (hazard ratio; 0.6, p = 0.009).

Conclusions

RARP versus RRP is associated with an improved PSM rate and BCR. To examine the cancer-specific survival, further investigations are needed.

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Most cited references 17

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Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathological T3N0M0 prostate cancer significantly reduces risk of metastases and improves survival: long-term followup of a randomized clinical trial.

Ian Thompson, Catherine M Tangen, Jorge Paradelo … (2009)

Extraprostatic disease will be manifest in a third of men after radical prostatectomy. We present the long-term followup of a randomized clinical trial of radiotherapy to reduce the risk of subsequent metastatic disease and death. A total of 431 men with pT3N0M0 prostate cancer were randomized to 60 to 64 Gy adjuvant radiotherapy or observation. The primary study end point was metastasis-free survival. Of 425 eligible men 211 were randomized to observation and 214 to adjuvant radiation. Of those men under observation 70 ultimately received radiotherapy. Metastasis-free survival was significantly greater with radiotherapy (93 of 214 events on the radiotherapy arm vs 114 of 211 events on observation; HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.54, 0.94; p = 0.016). Survival improved significantly with adjuvant radiation (88 deaths of 214 on the radiotherapy arm vs 110 deaths of 211 on observation; HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.55, 0.96; p = 0.023). Adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy for a man with pT3N0M0 prostate cancer significantly reduces the risk of metastasis and increases survival.

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Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy versus open radical retropubic prostatectomy: early outcomes from a randomised controlled phase 3 study

John W. Yaxley, Geoffrey D. Coughlin, Suzanne K. Chambers … (2016)

The absence of trial data comparing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy and open radical retropubic prostatectomy is a crucial knowledge gap in uro-oncology. We aimed to compare these two approaches in terms of functional and oncological outcomes and report the early postoperative outcomes at 12 weeks.

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Positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and contemporary update.

James Eastham, Alberto Briganti, Jonathan H. Epstein … (2014)

The clinical significance of positive surgical margins (PSMs) in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens and the management of affected patients remain unclear. To address pitfalls in the pathologic interpretation of margin status; provide an update on the incidence, predictors, and long-term oncologic implications of PSMs in the era of robot-assisted laparoscopic RP (RALRP); and suggest a practical evidence-based approach to patient management. A systematic review of the literature was performed in April 2013 using Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Studies focusing on PSMs in RP pertinent to the objectives of this review were included. Particular attention was paid to publications within the last 5 yr and those concerning RALRP. A total of 74 publications were retrieved. Standardized measures to overcome variability in the pathologic interpretation of surgical margins have recently been established by the International Society of Urological Pathology. The average rate of PSMs in contemporary RALRP series is 15% (range: 6.5-32%), which is higher in men with a more advanced pathologic stage and equivalent to the rate reported in prior open and laparoscopic prostatectomy series. The likelihood of PSMs is strongly influenced by the surgeon's experience irrespective of the surgical approach. Technical modifications using the robotic platform and the role of frozen-section analysis to reduce the margin positivity rate continue to evolve. Positive margins are associated with a twofold increased hazard of biochemical relapse, but their association with more robust clinical end points is controversial. Level 1 evidence suggests that adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) may favorably affect prostate-specific antigen recurrence rates, but whether the therapy also affects systemic progression, prostate cancer-specific mortality, and overall survival remains debatable. Although positive margins in prostate cancer are considered an adverse oncologic outcome, their long-term impact on survival is highly variable and largely influenced by other risk modifiers. Adjuvant RT appears to be effective, but further study is required to determine whether early salvage RT is an equivalent alternative. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Tetsuya Fujimura: tfujimura-jua@umin.ac.jp

Hiroshi Fukuhara: hifukuha@bk9.so-net.ne.jp

Satoru Taguchi: satorutaguchi33@gmail.com

Yuta Yamada: yyamada2029@gmail.com

Toru Sugihara: ezy04707@nifty.com

Tohru Nakagawa: tohru-tky@umin.ac.jp

Aya Niimi: fum6134@yahoo.co.jp

Haruki Kume: kume@kuc.biglobe.ne.jp

Yasuhiko Igawa: yigawa-jua@umin.ac.jp

Yukio Homma: homma-uro@umin.ac.jp

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Cancer

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Cancer

Title: BMC Cancer

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2407

Publication date (Electronic): 29 June 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 29 June 2017

Publication date Collection: 2017

Volume: 17

Electronic Location Identifier: 454

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2151 536X, GRID grid.26999.3d, Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, , The University of Tokyo, ; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655 Japan

[2 ]Department of Urology, Japan Red Cross Hospital, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9239 9995, GRID grid.264706.1, Department of Urology, , Teikyo University, ; 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2151 536X, GRID grid.26999.3d, Department of Continence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, , The University of Tokyo, ; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655 Japan

Article

Publisher ID: 3439

DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3439-6

PMC ID: 5492400

PubMed ID: 28662644

SO-VID: 07c00080-1c36-4051-bfd2-4c2a50d472c3

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 22 December 2016

Date accepted : 21 June 2017

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: oncological outcome,retro pubic radical prostatectomy (rrp),prostate cancer,and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (rarp)

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: oncological outcome, retro pubic radical prostatectomy (rrp), prostate cancer, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (rarp)

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy significantly reduced biochemical recurrence compared to retro pubic radical prostatectomy

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Abstract

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Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 17

Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathological T3N0M0 prostate cancer significantly reduces risk of metastases and improves survival: long-term followup of a randomized clinical trial.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy versus open radical retropubic prostatectomy: early outcomes from a randomised controlled phase 3 study

Positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and contemporary update.

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