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      The function of stilt roots in the growth strategy of Socratea exorrhiza (Arecaceae) at two neotropical sites

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          Abstract

          Arboreal palms have developed a variety of structural root modifications and systems to adapt to the harsh abiotic conditions of tropical rain forests. Stilt roots have been proposed to serve a number of functions including the facilitation of rapid vertical growth to the canopy and enhanced mechanical stability. To examine whether stilt roots provide these functions, we compared stilt root characteristics of the neotropical palm tree Socratea exorrhiza on sloped (>20º) and flat locations at two lowland neotropical sites. S. exorrhiza (n=80 trees) did not demonstrate differences in number of roots, vertical stilt root height, root cone circumference, root cone volume, or location of roots as related to slope. However, we found positive relationships between allocation to vertical growth and stilt root architecture including root cone circumference, number of roots, and root cone volume. Accordingly, stilt roots may allow S. exorrhiza to increase height and maintain mechanical stability without having to concurrently invest in increased stem diameter and underground root structure. This strategy likely increases the species ability to rapidly exploit light gaps as compared to non-stilt root palms and may also enhance survival as mature trees approach the theoretical limits of their mechanical stability. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (3-4): 787-793. Epub 2007 December, 28.

          Translated abstract

          Comparamos características físicas de raíces aéreas de la palmera Socratea exorrhiza en sitios inclinados (pendiente>20º) y sitios planos, en dos lugares neotropicales. S. exorrhiza (n=80 árboles) no muestra diferencias en el número de raíces, la altura vertical de las raíces, la circunferencia y la masa del cono de las raíces, o la posición de las raíces en los sitios con pendiente. Encontramos relaciones positivas entre el crecimiento vertical y la arquitectura de las raíces aéreas, incluso entre el número de raíces, la circunferencia del cono de las raíces, y la masa del cono de las raíces. Es posible que las raíces aéreas permitan a S. exorrhiza crecer en altura y mantener la estabilidad mecánica sin involucrar el diámetro del tallo y la estructura de las raíces subterráneas. Probablemente, esta estrategia incrementa la capacidad de la especie para usar claros de luz rápidamente, en comparación con palmeras carentes de raíces aéreas; posiblemente también exista un incremento en su supervivencia cuando las adultas palmeras se acercan a sus límites de estabilidad mecánica.

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          Most cited references28

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          The Tropical Rain Forest

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            The Natural History of Palms

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              The tropical rain forests

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbt
                Revista de Biología Tropical
                Rev. biol. trop
                Universidad de Costa Rica (San José )
                0034-7744
                December 2007
                : 55
                : 3-4
                : 787-793
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Biology Puerto Rico
                [2 ] Organización para Estudios Tropicales Costa Rica
                Article
                S0034-77442007000300005
                0950a56f-9813-4231-9c23-28328adb8861

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7744&lng=en
                Categories
                Biodiversity Conservation
                Biology

                General life sciences,Animal science & Zoology
                Barro Colorado Island,La Selva Biological Station,light gaps,palm architecture,Socratea exorrhiza,stilt roots,arquitectura de palmeras,claros de luz,Estación Biológica La Selva,Isla de Barro Colorado,raíces aéreas

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