Physical multimorbidity, depressive symptoms, and social participation in adults over 50 years of age: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

[1 ]Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK

[2 ]CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain

[3 ]Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain

[4 ]Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK

[5 ]NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley, NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, UK

[6 ]School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK

[7 ]National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK

[8 ]National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South London, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK

[9 ]Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK

[10 ]ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King’s College London, London, UK

[11 ]South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK