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      Assessment of Knowledge, Awareness and Attitude towards Oral Precancer and Cancer among Narikuravar Population in Pondicherry State

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          Abstract

          Objective Literature revealed that oral health status and awareness about oral hygiene measures of Narikuravar tribes were very poor. There was also an increased prevalence of tobacco usage among this population. Considering this, incidence and prevalence of oral precancerous and cancerous lesions are expected to be high in this population. Surprisingly, the literature search revealed a lack of data on the awareness, knowledge, and prevalence of oral cancer and precancer in this group. The primary objective of this survey is to assess knowledge, awareness and attitude toward oral precancer and cancer among the Narikuravar tribal population in Pondicherry state.

          Materials and Methods This questionnaire survey is a part of the Model for Oral Cancer Eradication project conducted among the Narikuravar population in Pondicherry, which is funded by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). A total of 153 participants were recruited for the survey. A prevalidated questionnaire was used for the survey.

          Results The results indicated that 47% of the participants were aware of what is oral precancer and cancer. As much as 62% knew that chewing tobacco causes oral cancer and 44% thought that the growth of tissue in the mouth could be a sign of oral cancer. Almost 100% did not think that the presence of a red lesion, white lesion, or limitation of mouth opening could be signs of cancer or precancer. Only 16% thought that oral cancer is preventable.

          Conclusion Awareness about oral cancer and precancer is inadequate among the Narikuravar population of Pondicherry. Majority of the population is not aware of the risks, signs, or treatment options of oral precancer and cancer. The National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) identified the people’s knowledge gaps, and improving awareness is one of the strategies of the program.

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          Effect of screening on oral cancer mortality in Kerala, India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

          Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Kunnambath Ramadas, Gigi Thomas … (2015)
          Oral cancer is common in men from developing countries, and is increased by tobacco and alcohol use. We aimed to assess the effect of visual screening on oral cancer mortality in a cluster-randomised controlled trial in India. Of the 13 clusters chosen for the study, seven were randomised to three rounds of oral visual inspection by trained health workers at 3-year intervals and six to a control group during 1996-2004, in Trivandrum district, Kerala, India. Healthy participants aged 35 years and older were eligible for the study. Screen-positive people were referred for clinical examination by doctors, biopsy, and treatment. Outcome measures were survival, case fatality, and oral cancer mortality. Oral cancer mortality in the study groups was analysed and compared by use of cluster analysis. Analysis was by intention to treat. Of the 96,517 eligible participants in the intervention group, 87,655 (91%) were screened at least once, 53,312 (55%) twice, and 29,102 (30%) three times. Of the 5145 individuals who screened positive, 3218 (63%) complied with referral. 95,356 eligible participants in the control group received standard care. 205 oral cancer cases and 77 oral cancer deaths were recorded in the intervention group compared with 158 cases and 87 deaths in the control group (mortality rate ratio 0.79 [95% CI 0.51-1.22]). 70 oral cancer deaths took place in users of tobacco or alcohol, or both, in the intervention group, compared with 85 in controls (0.66 [0.45-0.95]). The mortality rate ratio was 0.57 (0.35-0.93) in male tobacco or alcohol users and 0.78 (0.43-1.42) in female users. : Oral visual screening can reduce mortality in high-risk individuals and has the potential of preventing at least 37,000 oral cancer deaths worldwide.
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            Reducing Oral Health Disparities: A Focus on Social and Cultural Determinants

            Donald L Patrick, Rosanna Lee, Michele Nucci … (2006)
            Oral health is essential to the general health and well-being of individuals and the population. Yet significant oral health disparities persist in the U.S. population because of a web of influences that include complex cultural and social processes that affect both oral health and access to effective dental health care. This paper introduces an organizing framework for addressing oral health disparities. We present and discuss how the multiple influences on oral health and oral health disparities operate using this framework. Interventions targeted at different causal pathways bring new directions and implications for research and policy in reducing oral health disparities.
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              Tobacco menace and challenges in quitting tobacco in an indigenous population of Tamil Nadu: a cross-sectional survey

              D Prabhu, S Nirmala, N Aurlene (2019)
              Article 0 comments Cited 3 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): South Asian J Cancer
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): South Asian J Cancer
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1055/s-00049561
                Title: South Asian Journal of Cancer
                Publisher: Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd (A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India )
                ISSN (Print): 2278-330X
                ISSN (Electronic): 2278-4306
                Publication date Collection: December 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 November 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 1 November 2021
                Volume: 10
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 225-229
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pondicherry, India
                [2 ]Socio-Behavioural & Health Systems Research (SB&HSR), Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
                [3 ]Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pondicherry, India
                [4 ]Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pondicherry, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence Dr. Jananni Muthu, MDS Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University Pondicherry jannpearl@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: SAJC2120319
                DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733316
                PMC ID: 8719971
                PubMed ID: 34984200
                SO-VID: 0a56835d-ef25-4c90-990b-33b9769348dd
                Copyright © MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, which permits unrestricted reproduction and distribution, for non-commercial purposes only; and use and reproduction, but not distribution, of adapted material for non-commercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article: Cancer Epidemiology, Screening and Diagnosis

                Keywords: oral cancer,awareness,knowledge,tribal population,narikuravar tribe
                Data availability:
                Keywords: oral cancer, awareness, knowledge, tribal population, narikuravar tribe

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