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      Primary screening of blood donors by nat testing for HCV-RNA: development of an "in-house" method and results Translated title: Triagem primária de doadores de sangue por teste de ácidos nucléicos: desenvolvimento de um método não-comercial e resultados

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          Abstract

          An "in-house" RT-PCR method was developed that allows the simultaneous detection of the RNA of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and an artificial RNA employed as an external control. Samples were analyzed in pools of 6-12 donations, each donation included in two pools, one horizontal and one vertical, permitting the immediate identification of a reactive donation, obviating the need for pool dismembering. The whole process took 6-8 hours per day and results were issued in parallel to serology. The method was shown to detect all six HCV genotypes and a sensitivity of 500 IU/mL was achieved (95% hit rate). Until July 2005, 139,678 donations were tested and 315 (0.23%) were found reactive for HCV-RNA. Except for five false-positives, all 310 presented the corresponding antibody as well, so the yield of NAT-only donations was zero, presenting a specificity of 99.83%. Detection of a window period donation, in the population studied, will probably demand testing of a larger number of donations. International experience is showing a rate of 1:200,000 - 1:500,000 of isolated HCV-RNA reactive donations.

          Translated abstract

          Desenvolveu-se uma metodologia própria ("in-house") baseada em RT-PCR, que permite detectar simultaneamente o RNA do vírus HCV e de um RNA artificial empregado como controle externo. As amostras são analisadas em pools de 6-12 doações, cada doação sendo incluída em dois pools diferentes, um horizontal e um vertical, permitindo a identificação imediata de uma doação reativa, sem a necessidade de desmembrar-se um pool reativo. O processo todo consumiu de 6-8 horas diárias e os resultados foram emitidos em paralelo à sorologia. O método detectou os seis genótipos de HCV, com um limite de sensibilidade de 500 UI/mL (95% hit rate). Até julho de 2005 haviam sido testadas 139.678 doações com a detecção de 315 (0,23%) doações reativas para HCV-RNA. Exceto cinco falso-positivas, todas estas doações também apresentavam o respectivo anticorpo, portanto não se detectou nenhuma doação em janela imunológica. A especificidade foi de 99,83%. A detecção de amostra em janela imunológica, nesta população de doadores, provavelmente demandará a análise de um número maior de doações, espelhando-se na experiência internacional que tem mostrado a detecção de amostras HCV-RNA isoladas em 1:200.000 - 1:500.000 doações.

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          Most cited references36

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          The German experience with NAT.

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            Performance of ORTHO HCV core antigen and trak-C assays for detection of viraemia in pre-seroconversion plasma and whole blood donors.

            Logistics and cost of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) screening preclude its current use in many developing countries. Development of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen assays offer an alternative to NAT. We evaluated two specimen populations to assess the sensitivity, relative to NAT, of the HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test system and the trak-C assay: (1) plasma donor HCV NAT-conversion panels and (2) cross-sectional whole blood donor NAT yield specimens.
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              Nationwide nucleic acid amplification testing of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 for blood transfusion and follow-up study of nucleic acid amplification positive donors

              (2000)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rimtsp
                Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
                Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo
                Instituto de Medicina Tropical (São Paulo )
                1678-9946
                June 2007
                : 49
                : 3
                : 177-185
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital Sírio Libanês Brasil
                [2 ] Centro de Imunologia e Imunogenética Brasil
                [3 ] Hospital Nove de Julho Brasil
                [4 ] Hospital Oswaldo Cruz Brasil
                [5 ] Hospital Evaldo Foz Brasil
                [6 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0036-46652007000300008
                10.1590/S0036-46652007000300008
                0a58d5c3-9f74-4d14-b8e9-e87b889f1506

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0036-4665&lng=en
                Categories
                TROPICAL MEDICINE

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Nucleic Acid Testing,Blood Donors,RT-PCR,Transfusional Risk,Hepatitis C Virus,HCV

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