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      Minimal Invasive Surgical Management of Familial Arteriovenous Malformation

      case-report
      Author(s): 1 , 2 ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Case Reports in Dentistry
      Publisher: Hindawi

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Familial arteriovenous malformations are exceedingly rare. They are often noted at birth. They can also present during childhood or adolescence. Sclerotherapy has proven to have a favorable outcome. Case Presentation. The present case report describes the treatment of arteriovenous malformations on the tongue, labial mucosa, and vermilion border in siblings treated with boiling saline injections.

          Conclusion

          Sclerotherapy using boiling saline had shown to effectively treat arteriovenous malformations in the oral region without any significant morbidity.

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          Most cited references40

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          Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics.

          J Mulliken, J Glowacki (1982)
          Forty-nine specimens from a variety of vascular lesions were analyzed for cellular characteristics. Two major categories of lesions emerged from this investigation: hemangiomas and vascular malformations. This classification and its implications are justified by several considerations. Hemangiomas in the proliferating phase (n = 14) were distinguished by (1) endothelial hyperplasia with incorporation of [3H]thymidine, (2) multilaminated basement membrane formation beneath the endothelium, and (3) clinical history of rapid growth during early infancy. Hemangiomas in the involuting phase (n = 12) exhibited (1) histologic fibrosis and fat deposition, (2) low to absent [3H]thymidine labeling of endothelial cells, and (3) rapid growth and subsequent regression. The endothelium in hemangiomas had many characteristics of differentiation: Weibel-Palade bodies, alkaline phosphatase, and factor VIII production. Vascular malformations (n = 23) demonstrated no tritiated thymidine incorporation and normal ultrastructural characteristics. These lesions were usually noted at birth, grew proportionately with the child, and consisted of abnormal, often combined, capillary, arterial, venous, and lymphatic vascular elements. This cell-oriented analysis provides a simple yet comprehensive classification of vascular lesions of infancy and childhood and serves as a guide for diagnosis, management, and further research.
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            Arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck: natural history and management.

            Harald Hansen, J Mulliken, M Kohout … (1998)
            This is a retrospective review of 81 patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformation of the head and neck who presented to the Vascular Anomalies Program in Boston over the last 20 years. This study focused on the natural history and effectiveness of treatment. The male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Arteriovenous malformations occur in anatomic patterns. Sixty-nine percent occurred in the midface, 14 percent in the upper third of the face, and 17 percent in the lower third. The most common sites were cheek (31 percent), ear (16 percent), nose (11 percent), and forehead (10 percent). A vascular anomaly was apparent at birth in 59 percent of patients (82 percent in men, 44 percent in women). Ten percent of patients noted onset in childhood, 10 percent in adolescence, and 21 percent in adulthood. Eight patients first noted the malformation at puberty, and six others experienced exacerbation during puberty. Fifteen women noted appearance or expansion of the malformation during pregnancy. Bony involvement occurred in 22 patients, most commonly in the maxilla and mandible. In seven patients, the bone was the primary site; in 15 other patients, the bone was involved secondarily. Arteriovenous malformations were categorized according to Schobinger clinical staging: 27 percent in stage I (quiescence), 38 percent in stage II (expansion), and 38 percent in stage III (destruction). There was a single patient with stage IV malformation (decompensation). Stage I lesions remained stable for long periods. Expansion (stage II) was usually followed by pain, bleeding, and ulceration (stage III). Once present, these symptoms and signs inevitably progressed until the malformation was resected. Resection margins were best determined intraoperatively by the bleeding pattern of the incised tissue and by Doppler. Subtotal excision or proximal ligation frequently resulted in rapid progression of the arteriovenous malformation. The overall cure rate was 60 percent, defined as radiographic absence of arteriovenous malformation. Cure rate for small malformations was 69 percent with excision only and 62 percent for extensive malformations with combined embolization-resection. The cure rate was 75 percent for stage I, 67 percent for stage II, and 48 percent for stage III malformations. Outcome was not affected significantly by age at treatment, sex, Schobinger stage, or treatment method. Mean follow-up was 4.6 years.
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              Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations in Infants and Children

              John Mulliken, Julie Glowacki (1982)
              Article 0 comments Cited 68 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Shankargouda Patil:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-5497
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Case Rep Dent
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Case Rep Dent
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CRID
                Title: Case Reports in Dentistry
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2090-6447
                ISSN (Electronic): 2090-6455
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 9 June 2021
                Volume: 2021
                Electronic Location Identifier: 5564470
                Affiliations
                1Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                2Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Pia L. Jornet

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-5497
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2021/5564470
                PMC ID: 8211530
                PubMed ID: 34221516
                SO-VID: 0acd3cd6-5734-431e-ab0f-613b0deda32c
                Copyright © Copyright © 2021 Mokhtar Mamdouh Abdel-Latif and Shankargouda Patil.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 30 January 2021
                Date accepted : 25 May 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

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