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      Anesthetic management of a schoolboy with uncorrected truncus arteriosus type I, and severe pulmonary hypertension undergoing repair of congenital dislocation of the knee. Case report Translated title: Manejo anestésico de un escolar con tronco arterioso tipo I no corregido e hipertensión pulmonar severa sometido a reparación de luxación congénita de rodilla. Reporte de caso

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          Abstract

          Introduction: The presence of truncus arteriosus represents just 1.2-3% of all complex congenital heart pathologies and if not corrected, less than 20% survive beyond one year of life. When the disease progresses patients usually develop severe pulmonary hypertension and may even develop into Eisenmenger's syndrome. The paper discusses a case of a schoolboy with a diagnosis of uncorrected truncus arteriosus type I, and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Case discussion: This is a 9-year old schoolboy with complex heart disease and similar pulmonary and systemic blood pressures, undergoing elective orthopedic surgery under regional anesthesia, with lumbar plexus block and posterior sciatic block. This anesthetic approach provided adequate anesthesia with hemodynamic stability and no impact on vascular resistance. Conclusion: The choice of the anesthetic technique should be a planned decision based on the cardiovascular pathophysiology of the truncus arteriosus, the level of pulmonary hypertension, and the surgical procedure to be performed. Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension are at increased risk of developing suprasystemic pulmonary pressures with considerable hemodynamic involvement. Consequently, the anesthetic technique chosen shall provide adequate anesthesia and ensure the least hemodynamic impact. Whenever possible, it is important to consider the peripheral nerve block as the first line approach for orthopedic surgery.

          Translated abstract

          Introducción: La presencia de tronco arterioso representa únicamente del 1.2 al 3% de las cardiopatías congénitas complejas y de no ser corregida, menos del 20% sobreviven después del año de vida. Si la patología progresa usualmente desarrollan hipertensión arterial pulmonar severa y pueden manifestarse incluso como un Síndrome de Eisenmenger. Se presenta un caso de un escolar con diagnóstico de tronco arterioso tipo I no corregido e hipertensión arterial pulmonar severa llevado a cirugía no cardiaca. Presentación del caso: Escolar de 9 años de edad con cardiopatía compleja y presión arterial pulmonar similar a la presión arterial sistémica sometido a cirugía ortopédica electiva bajo anestesia regional con bloqueo de plexo lumbar y bloqueo ciático posterior. Esta técnica anestésica nos proporcionó una adecuada anestesia con estabilidad hemodinámica sin repercusión en las resistencias vasculares. Conclusión: La elección de la técnica anestésica debe ser planeada en base a la fisiopatología cardiovascular del tronco arterioso, del grado de hipertensión pulmonar y del procedimiento quirúrgico a realizarse. Los pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar severa tienen mayor riesgo de manifestar presiones pulmonares suprasistémicas con compromiso hemodinámico importante, por lo que la técnica anestésica elegida será aquella que produzca una adecuada anestesia y menor repercusión hemodinámica. Es importante considerar de ser posible, el bloqueo de nervios periféricos como primera elección en cirugía ortopédica.

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          Anaesthetic considerations in children with congenital heart disease undergoing non-cardiac surgery

          The objective of this article is to provide an updated and comprehensive review on current perioperative anaesthetic management of paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) coming for non-cardiac surgery. Search of terms such as “anaesthetic management,” “congenital heart disease” and “non-cardiac surgery” was carried out in KKH eLibrary, PubMed, Medline and Google, focussing on significant current randomised control trials, case reports, review articles and editorials. Issues on how to tailor perioperative anaesthetic management on cases with left to right shunt, right to left shunt and complex heart disease are discussed in this article. Furthermore, the author also highlights special considerations such as pulmonary hypertension, neonates with CHD coming for extracardiac surgery and the role of regional anaesthesia in children with CHD undergoing non-cardiac operation.
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            Management of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital systemic-to-pulmonary shunts and Eisenmenger's syndrome

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              Primary care management of patients with common arterial trunk and transposition of the great arteries.

              Primary care cardiology, also known as ambulatory or outpatient cardiology, for the longitudinal management of patients with common arterial trunk or with transposition of the great arteries is both poorly described and has limited evidence to justify its basis. This article discusses some of the various complications that these patients can develop, reviews the medical literature, and describes a framework for care of these complex patients from infancy to transition to adult congenital cardiac specialist care.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rca
                Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
                Rev. colomb. anestesiol.
                SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación
                0120-3347
                July 2016
                : 44
                : 3
                : 259-262
                Affiliations
                [1 ] National Institute of Pediatrics Mexico
                [2 ] National Institute of Pediatrics
                [3 ] San Ignacio University Hospital Colombia
                [4 ] Hospital Regional B Veracruz Alta Especialidad 1SSSTE Mexico
                Article
                S0120-33472016000300014
                0bc5a807-263f-4c0d-99f5-2dd74eda5486

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-3347&lng=en
                Categories
                ANESTHESIOLOGY

                Anesthesiology & Pain management
                Hipertensión pulmonar,Cardiopatías,Anestesia conducción,Bloqueo neuromuscular,Niño,Hypertension pulmonary,Heart diseases,Anesthesia conduction,Neuromuscular blockade,Child

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