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      Efecto de la sustitución de zinc por níquel en sólidos del tipo hidrotalcita Translated title: Effect of zinc substitution by nickel on solids with hydrotalcite type structure

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Las hidrotalcitas pueden ser usadas para diferentes aplicaciones debido a sus propiedades químicas y por dar origen a sólidos con elevada área superficial específica, buena estabilidad térmica, alta dispersión y carácter básico. Estas características han conducido a que estos materiales hayan recibido mucha atención y aplicación en áreas como la remoción de contaminantes y en la síntesis de catalizadores. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de la sustitución de zinc por níquel en hidrotalcitas a base de zinc-aluminio, las cuales han mostrado actividad para la depolimerización catalítica de poli (tereftalato de etileno). La estructura del tipo hidrotalcita fue observada en todos los materiales, notándose que el aumento de zinc conduce a mayores valores del parámetro a de las celdas ortorrómbicas de las hidrotalcitas. La disminución del parámetro c condujo a una mayor interacción CO32-‧ ‧ ‧ OH en la región interlaminar. Los sólidos con mayor contenido de zinc colapsaron a menores temperaturas, efecto contrario al inducido por el níquel. Los sólidos calcinados contienen las fases ZnO, NiO y g-Al2O3, cuya presencia depende de los metales presentes. Los resultados sugieren la presencia de partículas grandes y con alta cristalinidad de la fase ZnO, mientras que los picos definidos y anchos de NiO sugieren la existencia de partículas pequeñas de esta especie, cuya cristalinidad está afectada por la presencia de cationes Zn2+ y Al3+ en la red cristalina cubica del NiO. Los materiales conteniendo dos metales presentaron isotermas características de materiales predominantemente macroporosos, En relación a los materiales con tres metales, las estructuras son mesoporosas y con alta área superficial específica, observándose que el sólido Zn0,44Ni0,22Al0,33 contiene poros en forma de hendidura, mientras que los sólidos Zn0,33Ni0,33Al0,33 y Ni0,44Zn0,22Al0,33 presentaron isotermas propias de materiales con poros estrechos en forma de capilares.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Hydrotalcites can be used for different applications due to their chemical properties and to give rise to solids with high specific surface area, good thermal stability, high dispersion and basic character. These characteristics have led to the fact that these materials have received much attention and application in areas such as the removal of contaminants and the synthesis of catalysts. This study evaluated the effect of zinc substitution by nickel on zinc-aluminum hydrotalcites, which have shown activity for the catalytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate). The hydrotalcite type structure was observed in all materials, noting that the increase of zinc leads to higher values of a parameter of the orthorhombic cells of the hydrotalcites. The decrease of the c parameter led to a greater interaction CO32-‧ ‧ ‧ OH in the interlaminar space. Solids with higher zinc content collapsed at lower temperatures, contrary to that induced by nickel. The calcined solids contain the ZnO, NiO y g-Al2O3 phases, whose presence depends on the metals present. The results suggest the presence of large particles with high crystallinity of the ZnO phase, whereas the broad peaks of NiO suggest the existence of small particles of this phase, whose crystallinity is affected by the presence of Zn2+ and Al3+ in the cubic lattice of NiO. Materials containing two metals presented isotherms characteristic of predominantly macroporous solids. In relation to the materials with three metals, the structures are mesoporous and with high specific surface area, observing that the solid Zn0,44Ni0,22Al0,33 contains slit-shaped pores, while the solids Zn0,33Ni0,33Al0,33 and Ni0,44Zn0,22Al0,33 presented typical isotherms of materials with narrow pores in the form of capillaries.

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          Application of layered double hydroxides for removal of oxyanions: a review.

          Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are lamellar mixed hydroxides containing positively charged main layers and undergoing anion exchange chemistry. In recent years, many studies have been devoted to investigating the ability of LDHs to remove harmful oxyanions such as arsenate, chromate, phosphate, etc. from contaminated waters by both surface adsorption and anion exchange of the oxyanions for interlayer anions in the LDH structure. This review article provides an overview of the LDH synthesis methods, the LDH characterization techniques, and the recent advancement that has been achieved in oxyanion removal using LDHs, highlighting areas of consensus and currently unresolved issues. Experimental studies relating to the sorption behaviors of LDHs with various oxyanions, and the kinetic models adopted to explain the adsorption rate of oxyanions from aqueous solution onto LDHs, have been comprehensively reviewed. This review discusses several key factors such as pH, competitive anions, temperature, etc., that influence the oxyanion adsorption on LDHs. The reusability of LDHs is discussed and some mechanistic studies of oxyanion adsorption on LDHs are highlighted. The sorption capacities of LDHs for various oxyanions are also compared with those of other adsorbents. In addition, this review critically identifies the shortcomings in current research on LDHs, such as the common weaknesses in the adopted methodology, discrepancies among reported results and ambiguous conclusions. Possible improvement of LDHs and potential areas for future application of LDHs are also proposed.
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            Synthesis, characterization and applications of layered double hydroxides containing organic guests

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmat
                Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)
                Matéria (Rio J.)
                Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1517-7076
                2020
                : 25
                : 2
                : e-12605
                Affiliations
                [02] San Pablo Cartagena orgnameUniversidad de Cartagena, Campus San Pablo orgdiv1Grupo de Estudios en Materiales y Combustibles Colombia emezaf@ 123456unicartagena.edu.co
                [01] Cartagena orgnameGrupo de Investigación en Procesos de la Industria Petroquímica orgdiv1SENA-Centro para la Industria Petroquímica Colombia rodriguez@ 123456misena.edu.co
                Article
                S1517-70762020000200300 S1517-7076(20)02500200300
                10.1590/s1517-707620200002.1005
                0be74d16-04f5-4428-aba3-be0bb2e55188

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 August 2019
                : 27 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artículos

                Hidrotalcita,Oxides Formation,Structure Collapse,Zinc,Hydrotalcite,Formación de Óxidos,Colapso de Estructura

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