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      Desarrollo de artritis reumatoide refractaria al tratamiento convencional Translated title: Development of rheumatoid arthritis refractory to conventional treatment

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica sistémica que afecta del 0,4 % al 1 % de América Latina. Sus manifestaciones consisten en dolor crónico, destrucción articular y muerte prematura, afectando principalmente a mujeres. Mediante el puntaje del Health Assesment Questionnaire, se puede realizar un conteo de articulaciones tumefactas, presencia de nódulos reumatoides, factor reumatoide, velocidad de sedimentación globular, proteína C reactiva y erosiones en radiografía, los cuales estaban asociados con la elección del primer tratamiento con medicamentos antirreumáticos modificadores de la enfermedad (DMARD). El propósito de este estudio es determinar los principales estudios sobre el desarrollo de la artritis reumatoide refractaria al tratamiento convencional. Se realizó la búsqueda de literatura mediante una exploración de artículos en PubMed y SciELO; se consideraron artículos originales y de revisión, publicados en idioma inglés y español, haciendo uso de los descriptores. Se realizó una lectura preliminar de los artículos con el objetivo de seleccionar los que se ajustaban a nuestro propósito. Los documentos que tenían información con los aspectos formales se incluyeron en nuestra revisión, es decir, se seleccionó un total de 24 artículos. Es en este punto la observación clínica ha permitido describir que no todos los pacientes tienen el mismo curso de evolución de la enfermedad, incluso con tratamientos estandarizados a nivel mundial, y al evaluar los desenlaces de la enfermedad se sugiere que debe haber características de cada paciente que hacen que su enfermedad cause más daño en su evolución en comparación con otros pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease that affects 0.4% to 1% of Latin America, manifested by chronic pain, joint destruction and premature death, affecting mainly women. Using the Health Assessment Questionnaire score, a count of swollen joints, presence of rheumatoid nodules, rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and erosions in radiography, were associated with the choice of the first treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). To determine the main studies that ensure efficacy towards the development of rheumatoid arthritis refractory to conventional treatment. The literature search was carried out by means of an exploration of articles in PubMed and SciELO; Original and review articles were considered, published in English and Spanish, making use of the descriptors, a preliminary reading of the articles was carried out with the aim ofSelect those that fit our purpose, the documents that had information with the formal aspects, were included in our review, that is, a rigorous reading, which selected a total of 24 articles. It is at this point that clinical observation has made it possible to describe that not all patients have the same course of evolution of the disease, even with standardized treatments worldwide, and when evaluating the outcomes of the disease it is suggested that there must be characteristics of each patients who cause their disease to cause more damage in their evolution compared to other patients.

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          Most cited references23

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          EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update

          To provide an update of the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management recommendations to account for the most recent developments in the field. An international task force considered new evidence supporting or contradicting previous recommendations and novel therapies and strategic insights based on two systematic literature searches on efficacy and safety of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) since the last update (2016) until 2019. A predefined voting process was applied, current levels of evidence and strengths of recommendation were assigned and participants ultimately voted independently on their level of agreement with each of the items. The task force agreed on 5 overarching principles and 12 recommendations concerning use of conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs (methotrexate (MTX), leflunomide, sulfasalazine); glucocorticoids (GCs); biological (b) DMARDs (tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab), abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab, sarilumab and biosimilar (bs) DMARDs) and targeted synthetic (ts) DMARDs (the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors tofacitinib, baricitinib, filgotinib, upadacitinib). Guidance on monotherapy, combination therapy, treatment strategies (treat-to-target) and tapering on sustained clinical remission is provided. Cost and sequencing of b/tsDMARDs are addressed. Initially, MTX plus GCs and upon insufficient response to this therapy within 3 to 6 months, stratification according to risk factors is recommended. With poor prognostic factors (presence of autoantibodies, high disease activity, early erosions or failure of two csDMARDs), any bDMARD or JAK inhibitor should be added to the csDMARD. If this fails, any other bDMARD (from another or the same class) or tsDMARD is recommended. On sustained remission, DMARDs may be tapered, but not be stopped. Levels of evidence and levels of agreement were mostly high. These updated EULAR recommendations provide consensus on the management of RA with respect to benefit, safety, preferences and cost.
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            2015 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

            To develop a new evidence-based, pharmacologic treatment guideline for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
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              Preventing and Managing Toxicities of High-Dose Methotrexate

              High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), defined as a dose higher than 500 mg/m2, is used to treat a range of adult and childhood cancers. Although HDMTX is safely administered to most patients, it can cause significant toxicity, including acute kidney injury. This article provides comprehensive recommendations for prevention of toxicity from HDMTX, along with detailed treatment guidance to mitigate acute kidney injury and subsequent toxicity.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcur
                Revista Cubana de Reumatología
                Rev Cuba Reumatol
                Editorial CIMEQ (La Habana, , Cuba )
                1817-5996
                December 2021
                : 23
                : 3
                : e194
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameUniversidad Privada San Juan Bautista orgdiv1Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana Peru
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Privada San Juan Bautista orgdiv1Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista (SOCIEM-UPSJB) Peru
                [4] Lima orgnameUniversidad Continental orgdiv1Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Continental (SOCEM UC) Perú
                [2] Lima orgnameRed de Eficacia Clínica y Sanitaria (REDECS) Perú
                Article
                S1817-59962021000300009 S1817-5996(21)02300300009
                0d3bbf6f-64e6-4618-889d-679da9ae9a86

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 March 2021
                : 20 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                Artículo de revisión

                rheumatoid arthritis,antirreumáticos,artritis reumatoide,biological products,antirheumatic,productos biológicos

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