49
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      A convenient method to generate and maintain poly(A)-encoding DNA sequences required for in vitro transcription of mRNA

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Generating mRNA in vitro to encode therapeutic or cell-modifying proteins is rapidly gaining favor. An important factor that determines efficiency of translation from in vitro transcribed mRNA is the length of the 3′ poly(A) sequence. However, reproducibly generating and maintaining templates from circular plasmids to have consistent lengths of the homo poly(A) sequences is challenging. The procedure reported here entails repeated restriction digestion with type IIS enzymes, ligation and circular plasmid propagation. The homopolymeric sequence of approximately 100 bp that is generated using the method is approximately equal to the number of 3′ A residues found in the mRNA of  mammalian cells. Evaluating expression in vivo of a reporter transcript produced using this method showed efficient expression in vivo.

          Most cited references7

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Poly(A)-tail profiling reveals an embryonic switch in translational control

          Poly(A) tails enhance the stability and translation of most eukaryotic mRNAs, but difficulties in globally measuring poly(A)-tail lengths have impeded greater understanding of poly(A)-tail function. Here, we describe poly(A)-tail length profiling by sequencing (PAL-seq) and apply it to measure tail lengths of millions of individual RNAs isolated from yeasts, cell lines, Arabidopsis leaves, mouse liver, and zebrafish and frog embryos. Poly(A)-tail lengths were conserved between orthologous mRNAs, with mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins and other “housekeeping” proteins tending to have shorter tails. As expected, tail lengths were coupled to translational efficiency in early zebrafish and frog embryos. However, this strong coupling diminished at gastrulation and was absent in non-embryonic samples, indicating a rapid developmental switch in the nature of translational control. This switch complements an earlier switch to zygotic transcriptional control and explains why the predominant effect of microRNA-mediated deadenylation concurrently shifts from translational repression to mRNA destabilization.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Hydrodynamic injection of viral DNA: a mouse model of acute hepatitis B virus infection.

            Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a prototype for liver-specific pathogens in which the failure of the immune system to mount an effective response leads to chronic infection. Our understanding of the immune response to HBV is incomplete, largely due to the narrow host restriction of this pathogen and the limitations of existing experimental models. We have developed a murine model for studying human HBV replication, immunogenicity, and control. After transfection of hepatocytes in vivo with a replication-competent, over-length, linear HBV genome, viral antigens and replicative intermediates were synthesized and virus was secreted into the blood. Viral antigens disappeared from the blood as early as 7 days after transfection, coincident with the appearance of antiviral antibodies. HBV transcripts and replicative intermediates disappeared from the liver by day 15, after the appearance of antiviral CD8 + T cells. In contrast, the virus persisted for at least 81 days after transfection of NOD/Scid mice, which lack functional T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Thus, the outcome of hydrodynamic transfection of HBV depends on the host immune response, as it is during a natural infection. The methods we describe will allow the examination of viral dynamics in a tightly controlled in vivo system, the application of mutagenesis methods to the study of the HBV life cycle in vivo, and the dissection of the immune response to HBV using genetically modified mice whose immunoregulatory and immune effector functions have been deleted or overexpressed. In addition, this methodology represents a prototype for the study of other known and to-be-discovered liver-specific pathogens.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Determinants and implications of mRNA poly(A) tail size--does this protein make my tail look big?

              While the phenomenon of polyadenylation has been well-studied, the dynamics of poly(A) tail size and its impact on transcript function and cell biology are less well-appreciated. The goal of this review is to encourage readers to view the poly(A) tail as a dynamic, changeable aspect of a transcript rather than a simple static entity that marks the 3' end of an mRNA. This could open up new angles of regulation in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression throughout development, differentiation and cancer.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                BTN
                BioTechniques
                BioTechniques
                BioTechniques
                Future Science Ltd (London, UK )
                0736-6205
                1940-9818
                January 2019
                15 January 2019
                : 66
                : 1
                : 37-39
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
                Author notes
                *Author for correspondence: Patrick.Arbuthnot@ 123456wits.ac.za
                Article
                10.2144/btn-2018-0120
                30730207
                0d5a776c-f754-4d76-8519-4eccf6dd5427
                © 2019 Patrick Arbuthnot

                This work is licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported License

                History
                : 09 August 2018
                : 22 October 2018
                : 15 January 2019
                Categories
                Benchmarks

                General life sciences,Cell biology,Molecular biology,Biotechnology,Genetics,Life sciences
                mRNA,plasmid,type IIS restriction enzymes, in vitro transcription,poly(A)

                Comments

                Comment on this article