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      Individual niche trajectories in nesting green turtles on Rocas Atoll, Brazil: an isotopic tool to assess diet shifts over time Translated title: Trajetórias de nicho individual em tartarugas verdes do Atol das Rocas, Brasil: uma ferramenta isotópica para verificar trocas de dieta ao longo do tempo

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          Abstract

          Abstract In this study, multi-tissue (yolk and carapace) stable isotope analysis was used to assess individual isotopic niche trajectories of nesting green turtles on Rocas Atoll, off northeastern Brazil, and to reveal a diet shift in the temporal dimension. The diet trajectories of individual green turtles were highly directional, with a stronger component towards decreasing values of δ15N from carapace to yolk. When the green turtles are in their foraging sites (temporal window measured by the yolk samples), they are more herbivores. Conversely, in a broader temporal window, the green turtles demonstrate a carnivore-omnivore strategy, such as represented by heavier δ15N values in the carapace. This finding confirms a temporal diet shift. This is the first study that applies trophic niche trajectories for sea turtles, adding a new isotopic tool to understand the trophic ecology of these migrant animals.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Neste estudo, a análise de isótopos estáveis em múltiplos tecidos (vitelo e carapaça) foi usada para avaliar as trajetórias individuais de nicho isotópico de tartarugas verdes em nidificação no Atol das Rocas, nordeste do Brasil, e para revelar uma mudança de dieta na dimensão temporal. As trajetórias individuais da dieta de tartarugas verdes foram altamente direcionais, com um componente mais forte na direção de valores decrescentes de δ15N da carapaça ao vitelo. Quando as tartarugas verdes estão em seus locais de forrageamento (janela temporal medida pelas amostras de vitelo), elas são mais herbívoras. Por outro lado, em uma janela temporal mais ampla, as tartarugas verdes demonstram uma estratégia carnívora-onívora, representada por valores mais elevados de δ15N na carapaça. Os resultados confirmam uma mudança temporal na dieta. Este é o primeiro estudo que aplica trajetórias de nicho trófico para tartarugas marinhas, adicionando uma nova ferramenta isotópica para entender a ecologia trófica desses animais migrantes.

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          Most cited references42

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          Getting to the fat of the matter: models, methods and assumptions for dealing with lipids in stable isotope analyses.

          Within an organism, lipids are depleted in (13)C relative to proteins and carbohydrates (more negative delta(13)C), and variation in lipid content among organisms or among tissue types has the potential to introduce considerable bias into stable isotope analyses that use delta(13)C. Despite the potential for introduced error, there is no consensus on the need to account for lipids in stable isotope analyses. Here we address two questions: (1) If and when is it important to account for the effects of variation in lipid content on delta(13)C? (2) If it is important, which method(s) are reliable and robust for dealing with lipid variation? We evaluated the reliability of direct chemical extraction, which physically removes lipids from samples, and mathematical normalization, which uses the carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio of a sample to normalize delta(13)C after analysis by measuring the lipid content, the C:N ratio, and the effect of lipid content on delta(13)C (Deltadelta(13)C) of plants and animals with a wide range of lipid contents. For animals, we found strong relationships between C:N and lipid content, between lipid content and Deltadelta(13)C, and between C:N and Deltadelta(13)C. For plants, C:N was not a good predictor of lipid content or Deltadelta(13)C, but we found a strong relationship between carbon content and lipid content, lipid content and Deltadelta(13)C, and between and carbon content and Deltadelta(13)C. Our results indicate that lipid extraction or normalization is most important when lipid content is variable among consumers of interest or between consumers and end members, and when differences in delta(13)C between end members is <10-12 per thousand. The vast majority of studies using natural variation in delta(13)C fall within these criteria. Both direct lipid extraction and mathematical normalization reduce biases in delta(13)C, but mathematical normalization simplifies sample preparation and better preserves the integrity of samples for delta(15)N analysis.
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            Determining trophic niche width: a novel approach using stable isotope analysis

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              Tracing origins and migration of wildlife using stable isotopes: a review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bn
                Biota Neotropica
                Biota Neotrop.
                Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                1676-0611
                2021
                : 21
                : 1
                : e20201099
                Affiliations
                [1] Campos dos Goytacazes Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense orgdiv1Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Brazil
                Article
                S1676-06032021000100501 S1676-0603(21)02100100501
                10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1099
                0ea69d24-d4fa-4fe2-b1ac-8609e48c0a67

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 November 2020
                : 06 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Short Communication

                Chelonia mydas,adult females,stable isotopes,Oceano Atlântico,ecologia trófica,fêmeas adultas,isótopos estáveis,trophic ecology,Atlantic Ocean

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