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      NIVELES PLASMATICOS DE VITAMINA D E INGESTA DE CALCIO EN NIÑOS CELIACOS: FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA SU SALUD FUTURA Translated title: CALCIUM INTAKE AND VITAMIN D PLASMATIC LEVELS IN CELIAC CHILDREN: RISK FACTORS FOR THEIR FUTURE LIFE

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Evaluar los niveles plasmáticos de vitamina D y la ingesta de calcio en pacientes celíacos. Material y Método: 25 pacientes celíacos (20 mujeres y 5 hombres, de 5 a 15 años de edad) con una buena adhesión al régimen libre de gluten de al menos los dos últimos años. La ingesta de calcio se evaluó mediante tres encuestas de recordatorio de 24 horas. La 25 OH vitamina D se determinó mediante RIA (INCSTAR). Resultados: Un 80% de los pacientes presentó una ingesta de calcio insuficiente de acuerdo al consenso del NIH; en los menores de 10 años la ingesta promedio fue de 866 ( 423 y en los mayores de 11 años 605 ( 237 mg/día. Se encontró déficit de vitamina D (<37.5 nmol/L ó 15 ng/mL) en 5 de los casos (20%), de los cuales 4 corresponden a muestras tomadas en invierno y una en verano. En dos casos el déficit fue severo <20 nmoles/L (<8 ng/ml). Conclusión: En pacientes celíacos evaluados la hipovitaminosis D y la ingesta insuficiente de calcio fueron situaciones frecuentes, lo que puede producir el déficit de masa ósea detectado en estos pacientes y facilitar el desarrollo futuro de osteoporosis y diabetes. Se recomienda evaluar los niveles de vitamina D y la ingesta de calcio como parte del control de estos pacientes y en caso necesario efectuar una suplementación con calcio y vitamina D

          Translated abstract

          Objetives: To evaluate calcium intake and plasma vitamin D levels in ceoliac children. Methods and Subjets: 25 celiac patients (20 females and 5 males, 5 to 15 years old) with good compliance to gluten free diet for al least the last 2 years. Calcium intake was evaluated by three 24 hours recordatory surveys. 25(OH) vitamin D was determined by RIA (INCSTAR). Results: 80% of patients had a low calcium intake according to NIH concensus; average intake of children less than 10 years of age was 866±423 and 605±237 mg/day in older than 11 years of age. Vitamin D deficiency ( <37.5 nmol/L or 15 ng/mL) was founded in 5 of the patients 20%, of whom 4 corresponded to samples taken in winter time and one sample taken in summer time. In 2 cases the deficiency was severe (<20 nmol/L or < 8 ng/mL).In celiac patients hypovitaminosis D and low calcium intake were frequent situations. Conclusions: Low plasmatic levels of vitamin D and low calcium intake were frequent situations founded in celiac patients, that could produce the bone mass deficit detected in these patients and facilitate osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus in their future life. Celiac patients should be evaluated for vitamin D plasmatic levels and calcium intake in check up of these patients and if necessary to suplemment with calcium and vitamin D

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          Hypovitaminosis D in medical inpatients.

          Vitamin D deficiency is a major risk factor for bone loss and fracture. Although hypovitaminosis D has been detected frequently in elderly and housebound people, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients hospitalized on a general medical service is unknown. We assessed vitamin D intake, ultraviolet-light exposure, and risk factors for hypovitaminosis D and measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and ionized calcium in 290 consecutive patients on a general medical ward. A total of 164 patients (57 percent) were considered vitamin D-deficient (serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, < or = 15 ng per milliliter), of whom 65 (22 percent) were considered severely vitamin D-deficient (serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, <8 ng per milliliter). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were related inversely to parathyroid hormone concentrations. Lower vitamin D intake, less exposure to ultraviolet light, anticonvulsant-drug therapy, renal dialysis, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, winter season, higher serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase, and lower serum concentrations of ionized calcium and albumin were significant univariate predictors of hypovitaminosis D. Sixty-nine percent of the patients who consumed less than the recommended daily allowance of vitamin D and 43 percent of the patients with vitamin D intakes above the recommended daily allowance were vitamin D-deficient. Inadequate vitamin D intake, winter season, and housebound status were independent predictors of hypovitaminosis D in a multivariate model. In a subgroup of 77 patients less than 65 years of age without known risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 42 percent. Hypovitaminosis D is common in general medical inpatients, including those with vitamin D intakes exceeding the recommended daily allowance and those without apparent risk factors for vitamin D deficiency.
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            Prevention of bone loss by vitamin D supplementation in elderly women: a randomized double-blind trial.

            The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone turnover and bone loss in elderly women. Three hundred forty-eight women, ages 70 yr and older, were randomized to receive 400 IU vitamin D3 per day (n = 177) or placebo (n = 171), double-blind, for a period of 2 yr. Main outcome measures were bone mineral density of both hips (femoral neck and trochanter) and the distal radius, as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover. The effect of vitamin D supplementation was expressed as the difference in mean (percentage) change between the placebo group and the vitamin D group. The measurements were repeated in 283 women after 1 yr and in 248 women after 2 yr. Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (250HD) (+35 nmol/L) and 1,25-dehydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] (+7.0 pmol/L) levels and urinary calcium/creatinine ratios (+0.5%) and significantly decreased PTH(1-84) secretion (-0.74 pmol/L) after 1 yr. No effect was found for the parameters of bone turnover. The effect on the bone mineral density of the left femoral neck was +1.8% in the first yr, +0.2% in the second yr, and +1.9% during the whole period (95% confidence interval 0.4, 3.4%). At the right femoral neck the effects were +1.5%, +1.1%, and +2.6% (confidence interval 1.1, 4.0%), respectively. No effect was found at the femoral trochanter and the distal radius. Supplementation with 400 IU vitamin D3 daily in elderly women slightly decreases PTH secretion and increases bone mineral density at the femoral neck.
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              Calcium metabolism and calcium requirements during skeletal modeling and consolidation of bone mass.

              V Matkovic (1991)
              The degree of positive calcium balance in young individuals necessary to achieve peak bone mass and density is unknown. To assess calcium requirements and metabolism during acquisition of peak bone mass, 487 calcium balance studies from published reports were analyzed. The results suggest that 1) calcium intake and skeletal modeling and turnover determine calcium balance during growth, 2) the highest requirements for calcium are during infancy and adolescence and then during childhood and young adulthood, 3) to meet high calcium requirements, infants and adolescents have higher calcium absorption, 4) calcium absorption during rapid bone modeling and turnover is mediated by the Nicolaysen's endogenous factor, 5) urinary calcium reaches its maximum by the end of puberty, 6) calcium intake has little influence on urinary calcium excretion during the period of rapid growth, 7) the recommended dietary allowance for calcium should be higher than the amount currently established for children, adolescents, and young adults to ensure a level of skeletal retention of calcium for maximal peak bone mass, and 8) clinical trials with increased calcium intakes in each age segment of young populations are needed to clarify the above trends.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchnut
                Revista chilena de nutrición
                Rev. chil. nutr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-7518
                December 2003
                : 30
                : 3
                : 250-254
                Affiliations
                [02] Santiago orgnameHospital Paula Jaraquemada Chile
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Chile
                [03] Santiago orgnameHospital Exequiel González Cortés Chile
                Article
                S0717-75182003000300005 S0717-7518(03)03000300005
                10.4067/S0717-75182003000300005
                114864c8-2a0b-4abe-8694-e1185bd5b532

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 5
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                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS DE INVESTIGACION

                adolescents,children,celiac disease,vitamin D,calcium intake,adolescentes,niños,enfermedad celiaca,vitamina D,ingesta de calcio

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