A Combined Multidisciplinary Intervention for Health Promotion in the Workplace: A Pilot Study

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a joint health promotion intervention on a cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs) who had at least one cardiovascular risk factor. The HCWs were assessed at three different times, i.e., time zero (T0), after 6 months (T6), and after 12 months (T12). The following parameters were measured at a medical examination: physical activity, blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), routine laboratory tests, plicometric analysis, work ability index (WAI), and body image dissatisfaction (BID). Among the 447 HCWs, 38 HCWs were included in the study; 45% (n = 17) were male. At T12, the average blood pressure, waist/hip ratio (WHR) index, BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride level, and blood glucose values were reduced. The levels of physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet had progressively increased. The WAI showed a significant shift from low to good work performance at T12, as well as BID score. This is the first study that has analyzed work performance in relation to a workplace health promotion through a multidisciplinary approach. This health promotion intervention that combined diet and sport activity has led to a significant change in HCWs’ lifestyles and body perceptions, as well as their ability to work. This project highlights the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach and the workplace setting in health promotion programs.

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A 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Assessment Tool and Obesity Indexes among High-Risk Subjects: The PREDIMED Trial

Miguel Angel Martínez-González, Ana Garcia-Arellano, Estefanía Toledo … (2012)

Objective Independently of total caloric intake, a better quality of the diet (for example, conformity to the Mediterranean diet) is associated with lower obesity risk. It is unclear whether a brief dietary assessment tool, instead of full-length comprehensive methods, can also capture this association. In addition to reduced costs, a brief tool has the interesting advantage of allowing immediate feedback to participants in interventional studies. Another relevant question is which individual items of such a brief tool are responsible for this association. We examined these associations using a 14-item tool of adherence to the Mediterranean diet as exposure and body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as outcomes. Design Cross-sectional assessment of all participants in the “PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea” (PREDIMED) trial. Subjects 7,447 participants (55–80 years, 57% women) free of cardiovascular disease, but with either type 2 diabetes or ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors. Trained dietitians used both a validated 14-item questionnaire and a full-length validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary habits. Trained nurses measured weight, height and waist circumference. Results Strong inverse linear associations between the 14-item tool and all adiposity indexes were found. For a two-point increment in the 14-item score, the multivariable-adjusted differences in WHtR were −0.0066 (95% confidence interval, –0.0088 to −0.0049) for women and –0.0059 (–0.0079 to –0.0038) for men. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for a WHtR>0.6 in participants scoring ≥10 points versus ≤7 points was 0.68 (0.57 to 0.80) for women and 0.66 (0.54 to 0.80) for men. High consumption of nuts and low consumption of sweetened/carbonated beverages presented the strongest inverse associations with abdominal obesity. Conclusions A brief 14-item tool was able to capture a strong monotonic inverse association between adherence to a good quality dietary pattern (Mediterranean diet) and obesity indexes in a population of adults at high cardiovascular risk.

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Use of the Danish Adoption Register for the study of obesity and thinness.

A Stunkard, T. Sørensen, F Schulsinger (1983)

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The Effect of Exercise on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Constituting the Metabolic Syndrome

Nele Pattyn, Véronique A Cornelissen, Saeed Eshghi … (2012)

Background Numerous meta-analyses have investigated the effect of exercise in different populations and for single cardiovascular risk factors, but none have specifically focused on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and the concomitant effect of exercise on all associated cardiovascular risk factors. Objective The aim of this article was to perform a systematic review with a meta-analysis of randomized and clinical controlled trials (RCTs, CTs) investigating the effect of exercise on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with the MetS. Methods RCTs and CTs ≥4 weeks investigating the effect of exercise in healthy adults with the MetS and published in a peer-reviewed journal up to November 2011 were included. Primary outcome measures were changes in waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose. Peak oxygen uptake ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ {\dot{{V}}\text{O}}_{{ 2 {\text{peak}}}} $$\end{document} ) was a secondary outcome. Random and fixed-effect models were used for analyses and data are reported as means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Seven trials were included, involving nine study groups and 206 participants (128 in exercise group and 78 in control group). Significant mean reductions in WC −3.4 (95% CI −4.9, −1.8) cm, blood pressure −7.1 (95% CI −9.03, −5.2)/−5.2 (95% CI −6.2, −4.1) mmHg and a significant mean increase in HDL-C +0.06 (95% CI +0.03, +0.09) mmol/L were observed after dynamic endurance training. Mean plasma glucose levels −0.31 (95% CI −0.64, 0.01; p = 0.06) mmol/L and triglycerides −0.05 (95% CI −0.20, 0.09; p = 0.47) mmol/L remained statistically unaltered. In addition, a significant mean improvement in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ {\dot{{V}}\text{O}}_{{ 2 {\text{peak}}}} $$\end{document} of +5.9 (95% CI +3.03, +8.7) mL/kg/min or 19.3% was found. Conclusions Our results suggest that dynamic endurance training has a favourable effect on most of the cardiovascular risk factors associated with the MetS. However, in the search for training programmes that optimally improve total cardiovascular risk, further research is warranted, including studies on the effects of resistance training and combined resistance and endurance training.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Zan Gao: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Clin Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Clin Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): jcm

Title: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2077-0383

Publication date (Electronic): 05 April 2021

Publication date Collection: April 2021

Volume: 10

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 1512

Affiliations

[1 ]Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; vrapisarda@ 123456unict.it (V.R.); serena.matera@ 123456yahoo.it (S.M.); cledda@ 123456unict.it (C.L.)

[2 ]Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “Giuseppe D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; emanuele.cannizzaro@ 123456unipa.it

[3 ]Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; martina.barchitta@ 123456unict.it (M.B.); agodia@ 123456unict.it (A.A.)

[4 ]Health Management of the “Cannizzaro” Emergency Hospital of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy; dianacinact@ 123456gmail.com

[5 ]Department of Prevention, Food Hygiene Service, Nutritional Surveillance and Prevention, Provincial Health Authority of Catania, 95027 San Gregorio di Catania, Italy; fabrizia.minciullo@ 123456hotmail.it

[6 ]Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; m.bracci@ 123456univpm.it

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: ermannovitale@ 123456gmail.com ; Tel.: +39-3200783786

[†]

Co-responsible authors.

[‡]

Co-senior authors, listed in alphabetic order.

Author information

Venerando Rapisarda https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3482-1136

Emanuele Cannizzaro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-209X

Martina Barchitta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0905-5003

Ermanno Vitale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-0214

Massimo Bracci https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-5376

Antonella Agodi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4405-8162

Caterina Ledda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0739-8798

Article

Publisher ID: jcm-10-01512

DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071512

PMC ID: 8038581

PubMed ID: 33916391

SO-VID: 13d1f4ff-2c65-44da-961f-9157bf2c5c06

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

A Combined Multidisciplinary Intervention for Health Promotion in the Workplace: A Pilot Study

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Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine

Most cited references 62

A 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Assessment Tool and Obesity Indexes among High-Risk Subjects: The PREDIMED Trial

Use of the Danish Adoption Register for the study of obesity and thinness.

The Effect of Exercise on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Constituting the Metabolic Syndrome

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