16
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Phototest for neurocognitive screening in multiple sclerosis Translated title: O Fototest no rastreio neurocognitivo na Esclerose Múltipla

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          ABSTRACT

          Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders. Cognitive dysfunction is considered a clinical marker of MS, where approximately half of patients with MS have cognitive impairment.

          Objective:

          The Phototest (PT) is a brief cognitive test with high diagnostic sensitivity, accuracy and cost-effectiveness for detecting cognitive deterioration. Our aim was to test the utility of the PT as a neurocognitive screening instrument for MS.

          Methods:

          The study enrolled 30 patients with different types of MS from an outpatient clinic as well as 19 healthy participants. In conjunction with the PT, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Barthel Index (BI), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were administered.

          Results:

          The MS group obtained significantly lower results on all domains of the PT, except for the naming task. The PT showed good concurrent validity with the MoCA. In direct comparison to the MoCA, PT showed a greater area under the curve and higher levels of sensitivity and specificity for MS neurocognitive impairments. A cut-off score of 31 on the Phototest was associated with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 76.7%.

          Conclusion :

          The PT is a valid, specific, sensitive and brief test that is not dependent on motor functions. The instrument could be an option for neurocognitive screening in MS, especially in identifying cases for further neuropsychological assessment and intervention.

          RESUMO

          A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é das doenças neurológicas mais comuns. A disfunção cognitiva consiste num marcador clínico da EM, cerca de metade dos pacientes apresentam comprometimento cognitivo.

          Objetivo:

          O Fototest (FT) é um teste breve, sensível, específico e com boa relação custo-eficácia na deteção de deterioração cognitiva. Pretendemos testar a validade do FT como um instrumento de screening neurocognitivo na EM.

          Métodos:

          O estudo envolveu uma amostra de 30 doentes com diferentes tipos de EM de uma clínica de tratamento ambulatório e 19 participantes saudáveis. Em conjunto com o FT, foram aplicados o Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), o Índice de Barthel (IB), a Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) e a Escala de Severidade de Fadiga (FSS).

          Resultados:

          O grupo EM obteve resultados significativamente inferiores em todos os domínios do FT, excepto na tarefa de nomeação. O FT apresenta boa validade concorrente com o MoCa. Na comparação direta com o MoCa, o FT revelou uma área sob a curva superior e níveis de sensibilidade e especificidade para os défices cognitivos na EM superiores. Ao ponto de corte de 31 no FT correspondem valores de sensibilidade de 100% e especificidade de 76,7%.

          Conclusão:

          O FT é um teste válido, específico, sensível e breve, não dependente das funções motoras. Pode ser uma opção para o screening neurocognitivo na EM, especialmente na identificação de casos para posterior avaliação neuropsicológica e intervenção.

          Related collections

          Most cited references57

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. II. Impact on employment and social functioning.

          We designed a study to assess the specific contribution of cognitive dysfunction to multiple sclerosis patients' problems in daily living. Based on the results of a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, we classified 100 MS patients as either cognitively intact (N = 52) or cognitively impaired (N = 48). In addition to a neurologic examination, MS patients completed questionnaires on mood and social functioning, underwent a comprehensive in-home occupational therapy evaluation, and were rated by a close relative or friend regarding specific personality characteristics. While there were no significant differences between the two groups on measures of physical disability and illness duration, patients in the cognitively impaired group were less likely to be working, engaged in fewer social and avocational activities, reported more sexual dysfunction, experienced greater difficulty in performing routine household tasks, and exhibited more psychopathology than cognitively intact patients. These findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction is a major factor in determining the quality of life of patients with MS.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: evidence-based analysis and recommendations.

            Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), occurring at all stages of the disease, and can be a major source of vocational disability, social impairment, and impoverished quality of life. Dysfunction in free recall from long-term memory, speed of information processing, working memory, and abstract reasoning are frequently observed in MS. Despite weak correlation with disease duration and physical disability status, the degree of cognitive impairment in MS has been related to the extent of topographically specific neuronal tissue damage and loss. Additional clinical factors including disease course, fatigue, affective disturbance, and medication can impact on the degree of MS-related cognitive impairment. We suggest that the symbol digits modalities test, paced auditory serial addition task, the clock drawing test and the MS neuropsychological screening questionnaire be considered as valid and relevant screening tests for cognitive impairment in MS.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The Symbol Digit Modalities Test as sentinel test for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.

              Cognitive impairment (CI) is found in about half of the multiple sclerosis (MS) population and is an important contributor to employment status and social functioning. CI is encountered in all disease stages and correlates only moderately with disease duration or Expanded Disability Status Scale scores. Most present neuropsychological test batteries are time-demanding and expensive. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) has been suggested as a screening tool for CI in MS. In this paper, we aim to assess the performance of the SDMT in predicting the outcome of an extensive battery.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Dement Neuropsychol
                Dement Neuropsychol
                dn
                Dementia & Neuropsychologia
                Associação de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento
                1980-5764
                Jan-Mar 2016
                Jan-Mar 2016
                : 10
                : 1
                : 12-18
                Affiliations
                [1 ]CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
                [2 ]Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave, Guimarães, Portugal
                [3 ]Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit of the Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
                [4 ]FIDYAN Neurocenter, Granada, Spain
                [5 ]CESPU, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde - Norte (Sciences Department), Gandra, Portugal
                Author notes
                Joana Pinto. CESPU, IINFACTS - Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 - 4585-116 Gandra - Portugal. E-mail: joanapinto_14@ 123456hotmail.com

                Author contribution. Joana Pinto e Bruno Peixoto: study design, acquisition and analysis of data, writing of the manuscript. Emanuela Lopes, Gerly Gonçalves, Ângela Silva e Carnero-Pardo: review the manuscript for intellectual content.

                Disclosure: Cristóbal Carnero-Pardo is the creator of Phototest. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest.

                Article
                10.1590/S1980-57642016DN10100003
                5674908
                1663f611-c2a9-4090-9510-e4790b2e3f5d

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 16 December 2015
                : 16 February 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Original Articles

                multiple sclerosis,phototest,montreal cognitive assessment,expanded disability status scale,fatigue severity scale,esclerose múltipla,fototest,escala de severidade de fadiga

                Comments

                Comment on this article