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      Uso de óleos essenciais no controle do ácaro Varroa destructor em Apis mellifera Translated title: Use of essential oils for controlling the Varroa destructor acarus in Apis mellifera

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          Abstract

          O ácaro Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) é considerado uma das principais pragas apícolas mundiais. O risco de contaminação da cera e do mel, assim como o desenvolvimento de resistência desta praga, têm levado à busca por alternativas de controle que substituam os acaricidas convencionais. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar os efeitos de diferentes óleos essenciais na mortalidade de abelhas Apis mellifera e do ácaro Varroa destructor, parasita destes insetos. A metodologia consistiu em manter separadamente grupos formados por abelhas e ácaros, em gaiolas com óleos essenciais nas concentrações de 10 µL, 50 µL e 200 µL, sendo cada concentração um ensaio. Foram realizados tratamentos com água, anis, alecrim, canela, eucalipto, cravo e menta. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. As abelhas e ácaros foram observados por seis horas, para a quantificação da mortalidade, em função dos tratamentos utilizados. Os óleos essenciais não afetaram as abelhas de forma significativa, contudo, os óleos de anis, canela, eucalipto e cravo causaram mortalidade significativa dos ácaros. Para a concentração de 10 µL, observou-se taxa de mortalidade de 70% para anis e canela, 77,5% para eucalipto e 75% para cravo. Na concentração de 50 µL, foram observados valores de 75% para cravo e canela, 90% para anis e 92,5% para eucalipto. Já na concentração de 200 µL, os valores de mortalidade foram de 92,5% para anis e eucalipto, 52,5% para canela e 87,5% para cravo. Com base na taxa de mortalidade observada, sugere-se que estas substâncias sejam usadas em substituição aos acaricidas convencionais.

          Translated abstract

          The Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) acarus is considered a major bee pest worldwide. The contamination risk of honey and wax, as well as the development of resistance by this pest, have led to the need of alternative ways for replacing conventional acaricides. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different essential oils on the mortality of the Apis mellifera honey bee and its parasite, the Varroa destructor acarus. The methodology consisted in maintaining separately groups formed by honey bees and acarus, in cages with essential oils at the concentrations of 10 µL, 50 µL and 200 µL, being each concentration an essay. Treatments with water, anise, rosemary, cinnamon, eucalyptus, clove and mint were performed. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. Bee and acarus specimens were observed for six hours, in order to quantify the mortality rate caused by treatments. The essential oils did not affect significantly the honey bees, however, the anise, cinnamon, eucalyptus and clove oils caused a significant mortality rate for the acarus. Concerning the 10 µL concentration, there was a mortality rate of 70% for anise and cinnamon, 77.5% for eucalyptus and 75% for clove. At the 50 µL concentration, a rate of 75% was observed for clove and cinnamon, 90% for anise and 92.5% for eucalyptus. For the 200 µL concentration, the mortality rates reached 92.5% for anise and eucalyptus, 52.5% for cinnamon and 87.5% for clove. Based on the mortality rates observed in the study, it is suggested that these substances can replace conventional acaricides.

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          Most cited references25

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          Contaminants of bee products

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            Comparative toxicity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and blends of its major constituents against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on two different host plants.

            Bioassays of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and blends of its major constituents were conducted using host-specific strains of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on bean and tomato plants. Two constituents tested individually against a bean host strain and five constituents tested individually against a tomato host strain accounted for most of the toxicity of the natural oil. Other constituents were relatively inactive when tested individually. Toxicity of blends of selected constituents indicated a synergistic effect among the active and inactive constituents, with the presence of all constituents necessary to equal the toxicity of the natural oil. Copyright (c) 2006 Society of Chemical Industry.
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              Efficacy of powder and essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves as post-harvest grain protectants against six-stored product beetles

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pat
                Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical
                Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.
                Escola de Agronomia/UFG (Goiânia, GO, Brazil )
                1517-6398
                1983-4063
                September 2012
                : 42
                : 3
                : 317-322
                Affiliations
                [01] Cassilândia MS orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul orgdiv1Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia Brasil gcv@ 123456uems.br
                Article
                S1983-40632012000300014 S1983-4063(12)04200314
                1861c7fa-dbea-4cd8-a048-8dea13692eaa

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : September 2012
                : June 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Zootecnia

                alternative pest control,natural acaricide,Honey bee,controle alternativo de pragas,acaricida natural,Abelha

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