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      COVID-19 Pandemic Causes Increased Clinic Visits with Diagnosis of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Brazil in 2020

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          Abstract

          Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) protocols has reduced primary and secondary health care for other diseases, such as leishmaniasis, a parasitic, endemic, chronic and persistent disease in Brazil. To ascertain this, we compared the number of leishmaniasis cases diagnosed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In 5 regions of Brazil, there was an increase in the mean number of leishmaniasis clinic visits from 2020 pandemic period (over 57%) compared with 2017-2019 years. Interestingly, this increase was due to tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) while visceral leishmaniasis consultations decreased considerably. The increase in clinic visits with a diagnosis of TL in all regions of Brazil during the pandemic period in 2020, shows that the epidemiological surveillance of neglected tropical diseases cannot slowdown in the country. Expanding information can minimize the negative impacts of COVID-19 on health promotion, prevention and monitoring of the most prevalent neglected diseases.

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          Evolution and epidemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil

          Darlan Candido, Ingra M Claro, Jaqueline de Jesus … (2020)
          Brazil currently has one of the fastest growing SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in the world. Owing to limited available data, assessments of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on virus spread remain challenging. Using a mobility-driven transmission model, we show that NPIs reduced the reproduction number from >3 to 1–1.6 in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Sequencing of 427 new genomes and analysis of a geographically representative genomic dataset identified >100 international virus introductions in Brazil. We estimate that most (76%) of the Brazilian strains fell in three clades that were introduced from Europe between 22 February11 March 2020. During the early epidemic phase, we found that SARS-CoV-2 spread mostly locally and within-state borders. After this period, despite sharp decreases in air travel, we estimated multiple exportations from large urban centers that coincided with a 25% increase in average travelled distances in national flights. This study sheds new light on the epidemic transmission and evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Brazil, and provide evidence that current interventions remain insufficient to keep virus transmission under control in the country.
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            Changes in the Number of US Patients With Newly Identified Cancer Before and During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

            Harvey Kaufman, Zhen. Chen, Justin Niles … (2020)
            This cross-sectional study examines changes in the number of patients with newly identified cancer before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States.
            Article 0 comments Cited 207 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil

              Estela M L Aquino, Ismael Silveira, Julia Pescarini … (2020)
              Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 tem desafiado pesquisadores e gestores a encontrar medidas de saúde pública que evitem o colapso dos sistemas de saúde e reduzam os óbitos. Esta revisão narrativa buscou sistematizar as evidências sobre o impacto das medidas de distanciamento social na epidemia de COVID-19 e discutir sua implementação no Brasil. Foram triados artigos sobre o efeito do distanciamento social na COVID-19 no PubMed, medRXiv e bioRvix, e analisados atos do poder público nos níveis federal e estadual para sumarizar as estratégias implementadas no Brasil. Os achados sugerem que o distanciamento social adotado por população é efetivo, especialmente quando combinado ao isolamento de casos e à quarentena dos contatos. Recomenda-se a implementação de medidas de distanciamento social e de políticas de proteção social para garantir a sustentabilidade dessas medidas. Para o controle da COVID-19 no Brasil, é imprescindível que essas medidas estejam aliadas ao fortalecimento do sistema de vigilância nos três níveis do SUS, que inclui a avaliação e uso de indicadores adicionais para monitorar a evolução da pandemia e o efeito das medidas de controle, a ampliação da capacidade de testagem, e divulgação ampla e transparente das notificações e de testagem desagregadas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Infect Dis
                Title: International Journal of Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
                ISSN (Print): 1201-9712
                ISSN (Electronic): 1878-3511
                Publication date PMC-release: 7 October 2021
                Publication date (Print): December 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 7 October 2021
                Volume: 113
                Pages: 87-89
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences/Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Montes Claros State University, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39401-089, Brazil
                [2 ]Medicine/Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá, Afya Group, Itajuba, 36298-700, Brazil
                [3 ]Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences/Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Montes Claros State University, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39401-089, Brazil
                [4 ]Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry /Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58036-820, Brazil
                [5 ]Clinical and Social Dentistry Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
                [6 ]Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School, University of Campinas, FOP-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: Pathophysiology/Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences/Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Montes Claros State University, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39401-089, Brazil;
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1201-9712(21)00795-5
                DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.003
                PMC ID: 8555995
                PubMed ID: 34628022
                SO-VID: 1863d430-8528-4392-a253-846f62959a0a
                Copyright © © 2021 The Author(s)
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 26 August 2021
                Date revision received : 27 September 2021
                Date accepted : 2 October 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Short Communication

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: covid-19,leishmaniasis,tegumentary leishmaniasis,diagnosis,pandemic
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: covid-19, leishmaniasis, tegumentary leishmaniasis, diagnosis, pandemic

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