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      Manual (a)symmetries in grasp posture planning: a short review

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          Abstract

          Many activities of daily living require that we physically interact with one or more objects. Object manipulation provides an intriguing domain in which the presence and extent of manual asymmetries can be studied on a motor planning and a motor execution level. In this literature review we present a state of the art for manual asymmetries at the level of motor planning during object manipulation. First, we introduce pioneering work on grasp posture planning. We then sketch the studies investigating the impact of future task demands during unimanual and bimanual object manipulation tasks in healthy adult populations. In sum, in contrast to motor execution, there is little evidence for hand-based performance differences in grasp posture planning. We discuss potential reasons for the lack of manual asymmetries in motor planning and outline potential avenues of future research.

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          Most cited references61

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          Optimality in human motor performance: ideal control of rapid aimed movements.

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            Separate visual representations in the planning and control of action.

            Evidence for a dichotomy between the planning of an action and its on-line control in humans is reviewed. This evidence suggests that planning and control each serve a specialized purpose utilizing distinct visual representations. Evidence from behavioral studies suggests that planning is influenced by a large array of visual and cognitive information, whereas control is influenced solely by the spatial characteristics of the target, including such things as its size, shape, orientation, and so forth. Evidence from brain imaging and neuropsychology suggests that planning and control are subserved by separate visual centers in the posterior parietal lobes, each constituting part of a larger network for planning and control. Planning appears to rely on phylogenetically newer regions in the inferior parietal lobe, along with the frontal lobes and basal ganglia, whereas control appears to rely on older regions in the superior parietal lobe, along with the cerebellum.
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              Functional magnetic resonance imaging of motor cortex: hemispheric asymmetry and handedness.

              A hemispheric asymmetry in the functional activation of the human motor cortex during contralateral (C) and ipsilateral (I) finger movements, especially in right-handed subjects, was documented with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at high field strength (4 tesla). Whereas the right motor cortex was activated mostly during contralateral finger movements in both right-handed (C/I mean area of activation = 36.8) and left-handed (C/I = 29.9) subjects, the left motor cortex was activated substantially during ipsilateral movements in left-handed subjects (C/I = 5.4) and even more so in right-handed subjects (C/I = 1.3).
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychol
                Front Psychol
                Front. Psychol.
                Frontiers in Psychology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-1078
                15 December 2014
                2014
                : 5
                : 1480
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Neurocognition and Action Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
                [2] 2Center of Excellence Cognitive Interaction Technology, Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
                [3] 3Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
                [4] 4Research Institute for Cognition and Robotics (CoR-Lab), Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
                Author notes

                Edited by: Andrea Helen Mason, University of Wisconsin–Madison, USA

                Reviewed by: Kylie Ann Steel, University of Western Sydney, Australia; Luc Tremblay, University of Toronto, Canada

                *Correspondence: Christian Seegelke, Neurocognition and Action Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany e-mail: christian.seegelke@ 123456uni-bielefeld.de

                This article was submitted to Movement Science and Sport Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology.

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01480
                4265983
                199efe1a-a195-4661-854c-2b40dfd29d98
                Copyright © 2014 Seegelke, Hughes and Schack.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 26 September 2014
                : 01 December 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 70, Pages: 6, Words: 0
                Categories
                Psychology
                Mini Review Article

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                manual asymmetries,grasping,motor planning,end-state comfort,bimanual coordination

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