Arginine substitution by alanine at the P1 position increases the selectivity of CmPI-II, a non-classical Kazal inhibitor

Abstract

CmPI-II is a Kazal-type tight-binding inhibitor isolated from the Caribbean snail Cenchritis muricatus. This inhibitor has an unusual specificity in the Kazal family, as it can inhibit subtilisin A (SUBTA), elastases and trypsin. An alanine in CmPI-II P1 site could avoid trypsin inhibition while improving/maintaining SUBTA and elastases inhibition. Thus, an alanine mutant of this position (rCmPI-II R12A) was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis. The gene cmpiR12A was expressed in P. pastoris KM71H yeast. The recombinant protein (rCmPI-II R12A) was purified by the combination of two ionic exchange chromatography (1:cationic, 2 anionic) followed by and size exclusion chromatography. The N-terminal sequence obtained as well as the experimental molecular weight allowed verifying the identity of the recombinant protein, while the correct folding was confirmed by CD experiments. rCmPI-II R12A shows a slightly increase in potency against SUBTA and elastases. The alanine substitution at P1 site on CmPI-II abolishes the trypsin inhibition, confirming the relevance of an arginine residue at P1 site in CmPI-II for trypsin inhibition and leading to a molecule with more potentialities in biomedicine.

Highlights

• •

  The alanine substitution at P1 site on CmPI-II abolishes the trypsin inhibition.

• •

  Besides P1 site, other residues contribute to CmPI-II:SUBTA/elastases interaction.

• •

  R12 change at P1 site on CmPI-II improves the selectivity of the inhibitor.

• •

  CmPI-II scaffold is a source of selective inhibitors with biomedical applications.