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      Investigation on cement-improved phyllite based on the vertical vibration compaction method

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          Abstract

          The vertical vibration compaction method (VVCM), heavy compaction method and static pressure method were used to form phyllite specimens with different degrees of weathering. The influence of cement content, compactness, and compaction method on the mechanical properties of phyllite was studied. The mechanical properties of phyllite was evaluated in terms of unconfined compressive strength ( R c ) and modulus of resilience ( E c ). Further, test roads were paved along an expressway in China to demonstrate the feasibility of the highly weathered phyllite improvement technology. Results show that unweathered phyllite can be used as subgrade filler. In spite of increasing compactness, phyllite with a higher degree of weathering cannot meet the requirements for subgrade filler. With increasing cement content, R c and E c of the improved phyllite increases linearly. R c and E c increase by at least 15% and 17%, respectively, for every 1% increase in cement content and by at least 10% and 6%, respectively, for every 1% increase in compactness. The higher the degree of weathering of phyllite, the greater the degree of improvement of its mechanical properties.

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          Influence of volumetric property on mechanical properties of vertical vibration compacted asphalt mixture

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            Evaluation of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Waste Marble Powder

            This study aims to evaluate concrete having Waste Marble Powder (WMP) as partial replacement of cement. Marble is the metamorphic form of limestone (CaCO3) and WMP was chosen as substitute of cement on account of its high calcium oxide content. WMP is by-product of marble industry and is an environmental burden. The manufacturing of cement is also environmentally hazardous owing to emission of greenhouse gases. Thus, the recycling of WMP in place of cement in concrete offers two ecological advantages. Thirdly, WMP has a specific gravity of 2.6 against that of 3.15 for cement, which reduces the weight of the finished products. Based on the previous studies, five different concrete mixes were prepared having 0, 5, 10, 15 and 15% replacement levels. The samples were evaluated both through destructive and non-destructive tests.  Destructive tests included compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, whereas non-destructive tests comprised of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and rebound hammer. It was observed that the workability decreases with WMP inclusion owing to its higher water absorption, which inhibits lubrication of cement particles. The concrete strength improves up to a replacement level of 10% by mass of cement on account of densification created by the finer WMP and un-hydrated cement particles, which act as hard inclusions. Beyond 10%, the concrete strength starts declining due to insufficient quantity of cement matrix, binding the WMP particles. Schmidt rebound numbers authenticate the compressive strength results: The number increases up to 10% replacement level and beyond 10% it decreases. The results of UPV indicate that the velocity increases with increase in WMP content: The increase is attributed to compactness of the composite with finer WMP particles. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091637 Full Text: PDF
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              Fresh and hardened states of distinctive self-compacting concrete with marble- and phyllite-powder aggregate contents

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curationRole: MethodologyRole: Validation
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Visualization
                Role: Data curationRole: SupervisionRole: Validation
                Role: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                3 March 2021
                2021
                : 16
                : 3
                : e0247599
                Affiliations
                [001]Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang’ an University, Xi’an, China
                Al Mansour University College-Baghdad-Iraq, IRAQ
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                ‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-7892
                Article
                PONE-D-20-39942
                10.1371/journal.pone.0247599
                7928446
                33657170
                1b31f777-a6bd-41ea-a2e1-10f936a669fb
                © 2021 Jiang et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 24 December 2020
                : 9 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 12, Tables: 9, Pages: 19
                Funding
                Funded by: Transportation Technology plan project from Jilin Provincial
                Award ID: 2017ZDGC-7
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Scientific Research of Central Colleges of China for Chang’an University
                Award ID: 300102218212
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Scientific Project from Henan Provincial Communication
                Award ID: No. 2020J-2-2 95
                Award Recipient :
                This study was funded by the Transportation Technology plan project from Jilin Provincial in the form of a grant (No. 2017ZDGC-7) awarded to YJ, the Scientific Research of Central Colleges of China for Chang’an University in the form of a grant (No. 300102218212) awarded to YJ, and the Scientific Project from Henan Provincial Communication in the form of a grant (No. 2020J-2-2 95) awarded to YJ.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Materials
                Binders
                Cements
                Physical Sciences
                Physics
                Classical Mechanics
                Vibration
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Material Properties
                Mechanical Properties
                Physical Sciences
                Physics
                Classical Mechanics
                Pressure
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Material Properties
                Porosity
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Design
                Field Tests
                Engineering and Technology
                Equipment
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Tribology
                Lubrication
                Engineering and Technology
                Mechanical Engineering
                Tribology
                Lubrication
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting information files.

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