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      Propagación in vitro de plantas adultas de Vaccinium meridionale (Ericaceae) Translated title: In vitro propagation of mature plants of Vaccinium meridionale (Ericaceae)

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          Abstract

          Se desarrolló un procedimiento de micropropagación de plantas adultas de Vaccinium meridionale utilizando como explantes primarios ápices caulinares. Durante la fase de establecimiento in vitro de explantes se estudió el efecto de los medios MS/3, WPM, AND y el propuesto por Kyte para Blueberry, suplementados con 2-iP más AIA ó BA más AIA. Durante la proliferación de microtallos se evaluó el efecto del medio MS/3 líquido, sólido y en doble fase (una fase líquida sobre una fase solidificada con agar), suplementados con 2-iP más AIA. El enraizamiento in vitro y ex vitro de microtallos y macollas se indujo utilizando auxinas y/o carbón activado y para el desarrollo de raíces se utilizó un sustrato enriquecido con materia orgánica. El endurecimiento de plántulas se realizó de manera simultánea con el proceso de desarrollo radical. Después de la fase de establecimiento, la media más alta, 4.5, yemas axilares desarrolladas por explante viable, se cuantificó en MS/3 suplementado con 59.05 µM de 2-iP más 17.13 µM de AIA. Durante la fase de proliferación de microtallos la media más alta, 7.25, se cuantificó en MS/3 en doble fase. Después de 60 días de endurecimiento el 88-100% de los microtallos enraizaron y reactivaron su crecimiento.

          Translated abstract

          Using stem apex as primary explants, a micropropagation protocol of Vaccinium meridionale was established. During establishment phase the effect of the MS/3, WPM, AND and Kyte media, supplemented with 2-iP plus IAA or BA plus IAA was studied. During microshoot proliferation the effect of MS/3 liquid, solid and double phase (the liquid phase in a solidified phase with agar) supplemented with 2-iP plus IAA was evaluated. In vitro and ex vitro rooting of microshoots and microshoots was accomplished using auxines and/or activated charcoal; for root development a substratum with abundant organic matter was utilized. Plantlet hardening was achived simultaneously with the radical development process. After establishment phase, the highest quantity of axillary buds/explant was quantified in cultures performed in MS/3 supplemented with 2-iP, 59.05 µM plus IAA 17.13 µM. During the microshoot proliferation phase the highest average production was obtained in double phase MS/3. After 60 days of hardening 88-100% of rooted microshoots was obtained; these plantlets showed growth reactivation.

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          A Revised Tissue Culture Medium for Shoot Multiplication of Rhododendron

          Revision of the Murashige-Skoog (MS) 1962 inorganic formula was necessary for the successful culture of rhododendron cultivars. A bioassay system was developed to assess the effects of modifying the MS formula. Inorganic revisions included reduction of nitrogen from 60 to 14.7 m m and potassium from 20 to 4.7 m m . Phosphorus was adjusted to 2.75 m m . Iron concentration was doubled to 200 μ m and iodine was reduced to 1.8 μ m . These changes reduced the salinity of the inorganics from 5.2 to 2.2 mmho cm −1 . General growth regulator concentrations for shoot proliferation are 1 mg/liter 3-aceticindole acid (I A A) and 5 mg/liter N 6 -(2-isopentenyl)-adenine (2iP), but these concentrations vary among cultivars.
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            The Use of Zeatin to Initiate in Vitro Cultures of Vaccinium Species and Cultivars

            Explants of mature pot-grown Vaccinium corybosum L. cultivars were tested for initiation of new shoots using two growing conditions and four cytokinin treatments. Initiation tests with 12 genotypes showed significantly higher rates of new shoot growth on modified woody plant (MWPM) medium with 4 mg zeatin/liter at 25C under low light intensity than on any other treatment. Explants at 25C in light with 10 or 15 mg 2iP/liter initiated at a moderate rate, but significantly lower rates were found for all controls and at 4C in darkness. To determine the utility of zeatin for initiation of diverse genotypes, 96 Vaccinium accessions from the National Clonal Germplasm Repository, representing 22 species and 44 cultivars, were screened using 25C and low light intensity. Initiation rates higher than 60% were achieved for 89 of 96 accessions tested. Chemical name used: N6-[2-isopentenyl] adenine (2iP), 6-[4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino]purine (zeatin).
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              An efficient in vitro shoot propagation of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) by axillary bud proliferation

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abb
                Acta Botanica Brasilica
                Acta Bot. Bras.
                Sociedade Botânica do Brasil (Belo Horizonte )
                1677-941X
                December 2010
                : 24
                : 4
                : 1086-1095
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S0102-33062010000400024
                10.1590/S0102-33062010000400024
                1bc0b19e-22c7-4b18-9436-eb35cd17066d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-3306&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                Vaccinium meridionale,Colombian Bilberry,micropropagation,in vitro culture,shoot tips,Bilberry colombiana,micropropagación,cultivo in vitro,ápices caulinares

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