The first Acanthamoeba keratitis case in the Midwest region of Brazil: diagnosis, genotyping of the parasite and disease outcome

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Abstract

Abstract We report an Acanthamoeba keratitis case associated with the use of contact lens in a 28-year-old female from Brasília, Brazil. Samples from corneal scraping and contact lens case were used for culture establishment, PCR amplification, and partial sequencing (fragments of ~400kb) of small subunit rDNA; both culture and PCR were positive. The sequence analyses of the cornea and of isolates from the contact lens case showed similarity with the T4 genotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T4 Acanthamoeba keratitis case from the Midwest region of Brazil.

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Most cited references 10

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Use of subgenic 18S ribosomal DNA PCR and sequencing for genus and genotype identification of acanthamoebae from humans with keratitis and from sewage sludge.

Michael J. M. Hay, Susan J. Schroeder, I Niszl … (2001)

This study identified subgenic PCR amplimers from 18S rDNA that were (i) highly specific for the genus Acanthamoeba, (ii) obtainable from all known genotypes, and (iii) useful for identification of individual genotypes. A 423- to 551-bp Acanthamoeba-specific amplimer ASA.S1 obtained with primers JDP1 and JDP2 was the most reliable for purposes i and ii. A variable region within this amplimer also identified genotype clusters, but purpose iii was best achieved with sequencing of the genotype-specific amplimer GTSA.B1. Because this amplimer could be obtained from any eukaryote, axenic Acanthamoeba cultures were required for its study. GTSA.B1, produced with primers CRN5 and 1137, extended between reference bp 1 and 1475. Genotypic identification relied on three segments: bp 178 to 355, 705 to 926, and 1175 to 1379. ASA.S1 was obtained from single amoeba, from cultures of all known 18S rDNA genotypes, and from corneal scrapings of Scottish patients with suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). The AK PCR findings were consistent with culture results for 11 of 15 culture-positive specimens and detected Acanthamoeba in one of nine culture-negative specimens. ASA.S1 sequences were examined for 6 of the 11 culture-positive isolates and were most closely associated with genotypic cluster T3-T4-T11. A similar distance analysis using GTSA.B1 sequences identified nine South African AK-associated isolates as genotype T4 and three isolates from sewage sludge as genotype T5. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of 18S ribosomal DNA PCR amplimers ASA.S1 and GTSA.B1 for Acanthamoeba-specific detection and reliable genotyping, respectively, and provide further evidence that T4 is the predominant genotype in AK.

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Strategies for the prevention of contact lens-relatedAcanthamoebakeratitis: a review

Nicole Carnt, Fiona Stapleton (2016)

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Acanthamoeba keratitis in Porto Alegre (southern Brazil): 28 cases and risk factors

Denise dos Santos, Sérgio Kwitko, Diane Marinho … (2018)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Daniella de Sousa Mendes Moreira Alves: Role: ND

Gustavo Souza Gonçalves: Role: ND

Aline Silva Moraes: Role: ND

Luciano Moreira Alves: Role: ND

José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto: Role: ND

Mariana Machado Hecht: Role: ND

Nadjar Nitz: Role: ND

Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves: Role: ND

Geisa Bernardes: Role: ND

Ana Maria de Castro: Role: ND

Maria Regina Chalita: Role: ND

Marina Clare Vinaud: Role: ND

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): rsbmt

Title: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

Abbreviated Title: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

Publisher: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT (Uberaba, MG, Brazil )

ISSN (Print): 0037-8682

ISSN (Electronic): 1678-9849

Publication date (Print and electronic): October 2018

Volume: 51

Issue: 5

Pages: 716-719

Affiliations

[1] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública orgdiv2Laboratório de Estudos da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro Brazil

[3] Brasília Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências Brazil

[2] Brasília Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Oftalmologia Brazil

[4] Goiânia GO orgnameSecretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado de Goiás Brasil

[5] Brasília Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores Brazil