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      The biological activity and application of Monascus pigments: a mini review

      Author(s): 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 2
      Publication date Created:
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      Journal: International Journal of Food Engineering
      Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH

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          Abstract

          Monascus pigments (MPs), as secondary metabolites of Monascus, are microbial pigments which have been used for thousands of years. MPs are widely used in food industry as food pigments and preservatives, which have the stability of light resistance, high temperature resistance and acid-base change resistance. In addition, the antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-tumor biological activities of MPs have also attracted people’s attention. Moreover, Due to the presence of citrinin, the safety of MPs still needs to be discussed and explored. In this paper, the production, biological activity, application in various fields and methods of detection and reduction of citrinin of MPs were reviewed, which provide new insights into the study and safe application related to human different diseases, medicines or health care products with MPs as active substances.

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          First line defence antioxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX): Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid

          O.M. Ighodaro, O.A. Akinloye (2017)
          Article 0 comments Cited 508 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Cancer metastases: challenges and opportunities

            Xiangming Guan (2015)
            Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and accounts for about 90% of cancer deaths. Although cancer survival rate has been significantly improved over the years, the improvement is primarily due to early diagnosis and cancer growth inhibition. Limited progress has been made in the treatment of cancer metastasis due to various factors. Current treatments for cancer metastasis are mainly chemotherapy and radiotherapy, though the new generation anti-cancer drugs (predominantly neutralizing antibodies for growth factors and small molecule kinase inhibitors) do have the effects on cancer metastasis in addition to their effects on cancer growth. Cancer metastasis begins with detachment of metastatic cells from the primary tumor, travel of the cells to different sites through blood/lymphatic vessels, settlement and growth of the cells at a distal site. During the process, metastatic cells go through detachment, migration, invasion and adhesion. These four essential, metastatic steps are inter-related and affected by multi-biochemical events and parameters. Additionally, it is known that tumor microenvironment (such as extracellular matrix structure, growth factors, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases) plays a significant role in cancer metastasis. The biochemical events and parameters involved in the metastatic process and tumor microenvironment have been targeted or can be potential targets for metastasis prevention and inhibition. This review provides an overview of these metastasis essential steps, related biochemical factors, and targets for intervention.
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              Anoikis resistance and tumor metastasis.

              Craig Simpson, Kika Anyiwe, Aaron D. Schimmer (2008)
              As a barrier to metastases, cells normally undergo apoptosis after they lose contact with their extra cellular matrix or their neighbouring cells. This cell death process has been termed "anoikis". Tumour cells that acquire malignant potential have developed mechanisms to resist anoikis and thereby survive after detachment from their primary site and while travelling through the lymphatic and circulatory systems. Defects in the death receptor pathway of caspase activation, such as the over-expression of the caspase-8 inhibitor FLIP, can render cells resistant to anoikis. Likewise, roadblocks in the mitochondrial pathway, such as over-expression of the Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptotic proteins, can also confer resistance to anoikis. This review will focus on the roles of the death receptor and mitochondrial pathways in anoikis and anoikis resistance and how targeting defects in these pathways can restore sensitivity to anoikis and serve as the basis for therapeutic adjuncts that prevent metastasis.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Title: International Journal of Food Engineering
                Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
                ISSN (Electronic): 1556-3758
                Publication date Created: April 22 2022
                Publication date Created: April 15 2022
                Publication date Created: April 01 2022
                Publication date (Print): April 22 2022
                Publication date (Electronic): April 15 2022
                Publication date (Print): April 01 2022
                Volume: 18
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 253-266
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible Forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization , National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing , College of Food Science and Engineering , Central South University of Forestry and Technology , Changsha , China
                [2 ]College of Life Sciences and Chemistry , Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou , China
                [3 ]Department of Ultrasound , Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University , Changsha , Hunan 410002 , China
                Article
                DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2021-0235
                SO-VID: 1ef0d85e-6bd8-48bd-9026-37d2ccdae5a7
                Copyright © © 2022
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