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      “To Spread the French Language Is to Extend the Patrie

      French Historical Studies
      Duke University Press

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          Abstract

          The Alliance Française was founded in 1883 to reinforce France's colonial ambitions in Tunisia and throughout the Mediterranean basin. Its focus on language as a tool of empire was unprecedented among the colonial powers. This article revisits that colonial past and examines the Alliance's role as a purveyor of colonial education during the early years of the Third Republic. Its founders envisioned modern France as an imperial republic that would consolidate a republican polity while simultaneously asserting its mounting stature as a world empire. Quickly spreading beyond its colonial matrix, the Alliance Française grew to build a vast cultural network abroad. This article examines the complex and often contradictory processes that led from colonial strategies of dominance to the development of modern French cultural relations abroad. It argues, too, for a more comprehensive inclusion of nineteenth-century imperial expansion within the historical narrative of the rise of modern French cultural diplomacy.

          L'Alliance française a été fondée en 1883 pour renforcer les ambitions coloniales de la France en Tunisie et à travers le bassin méditerranéen. L'accent mis sur la langue en tant qu'outil impérial était sans précédent parmi les puissances coloniales. Cet article se penche sur ce passé colonial pour examiner le rôle de l'Alliance en tant que fournisseur d'éducation. Ses fondateurs envisageaient la France moderne comme une république impériale qui consoliderait les bases d'un système politique républicain tout en affirmant son statut d'empire mondial. Au-delà de sa matrice coloniale, l'Alliance française s'est rapidement étendue, créant un vaste réseau culturel à l'étranger. Cet article analyse les processus complexes et souvent contradictoires qui, à partir de stratégies coloniales de domination, ont abouti au développement des relations culturelles françaises modernes. Il fait valoir aussi l'importance d'une intégration plus complète de l'expansion impériale du dix-neuvième siècle au récit historique de la diplomatie culturelle française moderne.

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              La situation coloniale: Approche théorique

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                French Historical Studies
                Duke University Press
                0016-1071
                1527-5493
                February 01 2017
                February 01 2017
                : 40
                : 1
                : 95-127
                Article
                10.1215/00161071-3686068
                20f4104c-b8c9-4b13-a1ea-ee999c4cf412
                © 2017
                History

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