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      Instrumentos psicossociais para idosos brasileiros: uma scoping review Translated title: Psychosocial instruments for brazilian elderly: a scoping review

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Este estudo objetivou mapear e categorizar os instrumentos de avaliação psicossocial, com evidências psicométricas disponíveis, para idosos brasileiros. Por meio de uma scoping review, foram identificados 5.258 estudos e após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 237 estudos foram incluídos para síntese analítica. Parte dos dados extraídos foram apresentados em quatro blocos: Identificadores da revisão (informações sobre os estudos); População (informações sobre os participantes); Instrumentos Psicossociais (organizados por subcategorias); Propriedades psicométricas (tipo de evidência) para melhor descrição e compreensão. Destacaram-se 192 instrumentos que foram organizados em cinco subcategorias sendo, “Ansiedade, Depressão e Estresse”, “Atividade Física, Capacidade Funcional e Mobilidade”, “Inteligência e Cognição”, “Saúde, Bem-estar e Qualidade de Vida” e “Síndromes Geriátricas e Violência”. Este estudo não esgota as alternativas de instrumentos disponíveis para idosos brasileiros, mas possibilita uma visão mais ampliada, reunindo em uma única fonte, evidências que possam gerar reflexão e agregar para a pesquisa e a prática de todos os interessados pela temática.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract This study aimed to map and categorize the psychosocial assessment instruments, with available psychometric evidence, for elderly Brazilians. Through a scoping review, 5.258 studies were identified and after applying the eligibility criteria, 237 studies were included for analytical synthesis. Part of the extracted data was presented in four blocks: Review identifiers (information about the studies); Population (information about the participants); Psychosocial Instruments (organized by categories); Psychometric properties (type of evidence). 192 instruments were highlighted, which were organized into five subcategories, being “Anxiety, Depression and Stress”, “Physical Activity, Ability to Work and Mobility”, “Intelligence and Cognition”, “Health, Well-Being and Quality of Life” and “Geriatric’s Syndromes and Violence”. This study does not exhaust the alternatives of instruments available to elderly Brazilians, but allows a broader view, gathering in a single source, evidence that can generate reflection and add to the research and practice of all those interested in the theme.

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          Standards for educational and psychological testing

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            Estimating Premorbid Cognitive Abilities in Low-Educated Populations

            Objective To develop an informant-based instrument that would provide a valid estimate of premorbid cognitive abilities in low-educated populations. Methods A questionnaire was drafted by focusing on the premorbid period with a 10-year time frame. The initial pool of items was submitted to classical test theory and a factorial analysis. The resulting instrument, named the Premorbid Cognitive Abilities Scale (PCAS), is composed of questions addressing educational attainment, major lifetime occupation, reading abilities, reading habits, writing abilities, calculation abilities, use of widely available technology, and the ability to search for specific information. The validation sample was composed of 132 older Brazilian adults from the following three demographically matched groups: normal cognitive aging (n = 72), mild cognitive impairment (n = 33), and mild dementia (n = 27). The scores of a reading test and a neuropsychological battery were adopted as construct criteria. Post-mortem inter-informant reliability was tested in a sub-study with two relatives from each deceased individual. Results All items presented good discriminative power, with corrected item-total correlation varying from 0.35 to 0.74. The summed score of the instrument presented high correlation coefficients with global cognitive function (r = 0.73) and reading skills (r = 0.82). Cronbach's alpha was 0.90, showing optimal internal consistency without redundancy. The scores did not decrease across the progressive levels of cognitive impairment, suggesting that the goal of evaluating the premorbid state was achieved. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.96, indicating excellent inter-informant reliability. Conclusion The instrument developed in this study has shown good properties and can be used as a valid estimate of premorbid cognitive abilities in low-educated populations. The applicability of the PCAS, both as an estimate of premorbid intelligence and cognitive reserve, is discussed.
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              Targeted Geriatric Assessment for Fast-Paced Healthcare Settings: Development, Validity, and Reliability

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                psd
                Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças
                Psic., Saúde & Doenças
                Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicologia da Saúde (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                1645-0086
                September 2021
                : 22
                : 2
                : 703-738
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades Brazil aline.cristina@ 123456alumni.usp.br
                Article
                S1645-00862021000200703 S1645-0086(21)02200200703
                10.15309/21psd220231
                21a235a0-24f5-4404-94ad-d27d275efba9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 January 2021
                : 23 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 36
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Artigos

                psicossocial, revisão de escopo,scoping review,psychosocial,elderly,evaluation,instruments,instrumentos, avaliação, idosos

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