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      Sofrimento psíquico, uso de drogas e trabalho Translated title: Psychic distress, drug use and work

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          Abstract

          Resumo Introdução: a política de atenção ao uso e abuso de álcool e outras drogas dos últimos anos demonstra suas limitações para responder às necessidades de atenção à saúde do(a) trabalhador(a) que usa essas substâncias para aliviar os efeitos adversos dos mecanismos hostis no contexto do trabalho. Objetivo: articular abordagens que reúnem um conjunto teórico-conceitual suficiente para abordar temas complexos e multicausais, como a relação entre o sofrimento psíquico e o trabalho, tendo como elemento principal o uso e abuso de álcool e outras drogas. Resultados: há evidências que apontam a relação entre mudanças no mercado de trabalho no contexto neoliberal, violência moral e ética no ambiente profissional e efeitos negativos sobre a saúde física-psíquica de trabalhadores. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de se romper com a lógica do funcionalismo subjetivista sobre o tema do uso e abuso de álcool e outras drogas relacionados ao trabalho. Conclusão: as estratégias políticas de atenção ao sofrimento psíquico decorrente do uso de álcool e outras drogas devem ir além das práticas focadas somente na abstinência e se basear na interface entre aportes teóricos integrativos, redução de danos e que considere a relação entre sofrimento e defesas dos sujeitos, o trabalho e o meio.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: policies aimed at use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs in recent years have shown their limitations in responding to the healthcare needs of workers who use and/or abuse alcohol and other drugs to alleviate the adverse effects from hostile work-related mechanisms. Objective: to articulate approaches that gather a theoretical-conceptual set that adequately addresses complex and multi-causal topics, such as the relation between psychological distress and work, with the use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs as their main element. Results: scientific evidence points out to the relation between neoliberal labor market changes, moral and ethical violence in the professional environment and negative effects on workers’ physical and mental health. Studies argue about the need to break with the logic of subjectivist functionalism on the topic of work-related use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs. Conclusion: political strategies aimed at psychological suffering resulting from the use/abuse of alcohol and other drugs must go beyond practices solely focused on abstinence and include the interface between integrative theoretical contributions and harm reduction while considering the interaction between suffering and subjects’ defenses, work and environment.

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          A review of the efficacy and effectiveness of harm reduction strategies for alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs.

          Harm reduction is both a policy approach and used to describe a specific set of interventions. These interventions aim to reduce the harms associated with drug use. Employing a strict definition of harm reduction, evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug harm reduction interventions were reviewed. Systematic searches of the published literature were undertaken. Studies were included if they provided evaluation data (pre-post, or control group comparisons). More than 650 articles were included in the review. The majority of the literature concerned illicit drugs. For alcohol, harm reduction interventions to reduce road trauma are well-founded in evidence. Otherwise, there is limited research to support the efficacy and effectiveness of other alcohol harm reduction interventions. For tobacco, the area is controversial but promising new products that reduce the harms associated with smoking are being developed. In the area of illicit drugs there is solid efficacy, effectiveness and economic data to support needle syringe programmes and outreach programmes. There is limited published evidence to date for other harm reduction interventions such as non-injecting routes of administration, brief interventions and emerging positive evidence for supervised injecting facilities. There is sufficient evidence to support the wide-spread adoption of harm reduction interventions and to use harm reduction as an overarching policy approach in relation to illicit drugs. The same cannot be concluded for alcohol or tobacco. Research at a broad policy level is required, especially in light of the failure by many policy makers to adopt cost-effective harm reduction interventions.
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            Trabalho e desgaste mental: o direito de ser dono de si mesmo

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              III Levantamento Nacional sobre o Uso de Drogas pela População Brasileira

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbso
                Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional
                Rev. bras. saúde ocup.
                Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho - FUNDACENTRO (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0303-7657
                2317-6369
                2024
                : 49
                : edcinq17
                Affiliations
                [3] Manaus Amazonas orgnameUniversidade Federal do Amazonas orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia orgdiv2Laboratório de Psicologia, Trabalho e Saúde Brazil
                [4] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Departamento de Psicobiologia orgdiv2Núcleo de Pesquisas em Saúde e Uso de Substâncias Brazil
                [2] Maringá Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Maringá orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes orgdiv2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Brazil
                [1] Porto Velho Rondônia orgnameUniversidade Federal de Rondônia orgdiv1Departamento de Psicologia orgdiv2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Brazil
                Article
                S0303-76572024000103504 S0303-7657(24)04900003504
                10.1590/2317-6369/35722pt2024v49edcinq17
                220cabc9-5932-4ed8-8fa9-1c82d23186aa

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 September 2022
                : 28 December 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Ensaio Dossiê RBSO 50 Anos

                saúde do trabalhador,harm reduction policies,drug,work,mental health,occupational health,política de redução de danos,drogas,trabalho,saúde mental

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