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      Efecto de la aplicación de biofertilizantes sobre el rendimiento de maíz en parcelas con y sin cobertura vegetal Translated title: Effect of the application of biofertilizers on the yield of corn in plots with and without vegetal cover

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la aplicación de biofertilizantes (hongos micorrízicos y fertilizante orgánico foliar) y un cultivo de cobertura (CC) (frijol nescafé) sobre el rendimiento de maíz bajo condiciones de campo y prácticas de manejo de productores de maíz. El estudio se realizó en la temporada primavera-verano bajo condiciones de temporal en el ejido La Bella Ilusión, municipio Maravilla Tenejapa, Chiapas, México. Se seleccionaron 7 parcelas utilizadas para el cultivo de maíz, de las cuales tres contaban con antecedentes de cultivo de cobertura con frijol nescafé (Mucuna deerengian^ Merr.) y cuatro sin cobertura. En cada una de las parcelas se trazó un área experimental de 1500 m2 y se evaluó: 1) la inoculación con micorriza arbuscular, 2) la aplicación de un fertilizante foliar, 3) la aplicación combinada de micorriza-foliar, y 4) testigo sin inoculación ni aplicación de foliar, bajo un diseño de bloques completamente aleatorizados. El uso previo de CC tuvo un efecto positivo sobre el rendimiento de maíz (4213,7 kg ha-1; p = 0,013), el cual fue significativamente más alto en el tratamiento inoculado con micorriza, difiriendo en más de 1000 kg ha-1 con respecto al testigo en algunos casos. Los niveles de colonización micorrízica fueron altos y no se observó un efecto de la aplicación del fertilizante foliar sobre el rendimiento de maíz. El efecto del antecedente de cultivo de cobertura y la inoculación con micorrizas fue evidente en el rendimiento de maíz.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the effect of the application of biofertilizers (mycorrhizal fungi and organic foliar fertilizer) and a cover crop (CC) (nescafe beans) on maize yield under field conditions and managementpractices of producers of corn. The study was conducted in the spring-summer season, under seasonal conditions in the Ejido La Bella Ilusión, Municipality of Maravilla Tenejapa, Chiapas, Mexico. Seven plots were selected for the cultivation of corn, of which three had antecedents of cover crop with nescafe beans (Mucuna deerengiana Merr) and four without cover. In each of the plots an experimental area of 1500 m 2 was plotted and evaluated: 1) the inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza, 2) the application of a foliar fertilizer, 3) the combined application of mycorrhiza-foliar, and 4) control without inoculation or foliar application, under a completely randomized block design. Previous use of CC had a positive effect on corn yield (4213.7 kg ha -1 ; p = 0.013) which was significantly higher in the treatment inoculated with mycorrhiza, differing by more than 1000 kg har 1 with regarding the witness in some cases. The levels of mycorrhizal colonization were high and no effect of application o;f foliar fertilizer on maize yield was observed. The effect of the background crop history and the inoculation with mycorrhizae was evident in the yield of corn.

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          Microbial communities involved in the bioremediation of an aged recalcitrant hydrocarbon polluted soil by using organic amendments.

          An 8-month field bioremediation experiment using fresh (FS) and composted (CS) sewage sludge and unamended soil (US) was carried out on an aged hydrocarbon contaminated semi-arid soil. FS treatments led to the highest percentage of hydrocarbon degradation (46%) and the highest bacterial and fungal population. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated differences in bacterial and fungal community structure of treated compared to uncontaminated soil (control). Time of sampling accounted for most of the differences than type of treatment. The principal phyla observed in bioremediation treatments were Actinobacteria and Ascomycota. Results pointed to the addition of organic amendments, particularly sewage sludge, as an useful strategy for improving the effectiveness of landfarming biodegradation processes in hydrocarbon polluted soils.
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            A comparison between legume technologies and fallow, and their effects on maize and soil traits, in two distinct environments of the West African savannah

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              Mycorrhiza formation and nutrient concentration in leeks (Allium porrum) in relation to previous crop and cover crop management on high P soils

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                idesia
                Idesia (Arica)
                Idesia
                Universidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas (Arica, , Chile )
                0718-3429
                December 2021
                : 39
                : 4
                : 29-38
                Affiliations
                [1] Chiapas Suchiapa orgnameUniversidad Politécnica de Chiapas Mexico
                [2] orgnameEl Colegio de la Frontera Sur México
                Article
                S0718-34292021000400029 S0718-3429(21)03900400029
                238941c0-1728-473f-bde1-defe310d2e79

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 April 2021
                : 01 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                Mucuna sp,Zea mays,mycorrhizal fungi,bioferment,hongos micorrízicos,biofermento

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