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      Aprendizagem motora baseada em demonstrações de movimento biológico Translated title: Motor learning based on biological motion demonstrations

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o processo de aprendizagem motora de uma habilidade complexa da Ginástica Artística a partir da observação de demonstrações de modelos de pontos de luz e vídeo. Dezesseis participantes divididas em grupos dos respectivos modelos executaram um pré-teste, seguido de 100 tentativas de uma parada de mãos, igualmente distribuídas em blocos de 10 tentativas em dois dias, alternando períodos de demonstração e prática, com um teste de retenção após um dia. Cinemática de braço, tronco e perna das participantes possibilitaram análise da semelhança entre a coordenação de cada participante e do modelo e do tempo de movimento; a performance das participantes também foi avaliada por duas especialistas em Ginástica Artística. Ambas as análises indicaram que os grupos não diferiram. Os resultados são discutidos em termos da hipótese de suficiência de informação nos modelos de movimento biológico particularmente aplicada ao processo de aprendizagem de habilidades motoras complexas.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this study was to evaluate the motor learning process of a complex Artistic Gymnastics skill following demonstrations of point-light and video models. Sixteen participants divided into the respective model groups performed a pre-test and 100 trials of a handstand, equally distributed in blocks of 10 trials in two days, alternating periods of demonstration and practice, with retention test a day later. Participants' kinematics of arm, trunk, and leg was used to analyze the coordination similarities between each participant and the model and movement time; participants' performance was also evaluated by two Artistic Gymnastics experts. Both analyses revealed that the groups did not differ. Results are discussed in terms of the hypothesis of information sufficiency in biological motion models particularly applied to the learning process of complex motor skills.

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          Most cited references30

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          Visual perception of biological motion and a model for its analysis

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            Recognizing people from their movement.

            Human observers demonstrate impressive visual sensitivity to human movement. What defines this sensitivity? If motor experience influences the visual analysis of action, then observers should be most sensitive to their own movements. If view-dependent visual experience determines visual sensitivity to human movement, then observers should be most sensitive to the movements of their friends. To test these predictions, participants viewed sagittal displays of point-light depictions of themselves, their friends, and strangers performing various actions. In actor identification and discrimination tasks, sensitivity to one's own motion was highest. Visual sensitivity to friends', but not strangers', actions was above chance. Performance was action dependent. Control studies yielded chance performance with inverted and static displays, suggesting that form and low-motion cues did not define performance. These results suggest that both motor and visual experience define visual sensitivity to human action.
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              Decomposing biological motion: A framework for analysis and synthesis of human gait patterns

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                motriz
                Motriz: Revista de Educação Física
                Motriz: rev. educ. fis.
                Universidade Estadual Paulista (Rio Claro, SP, Brazil )
                1980-6574
                December 2012
                : 18
                : 4
                : 636-645
                Affiliations
                [01] Bauru SP orgnameUNESP orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências orgdiv2Departamento de Educação Física Brasil
                Article
                S1980-65742012000400002 S1980-6574(12)01800400002
                10.1590/S1980-65742012000400002
                23ba5782-0fc9-44ff-beb3-973af27e4cfb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 August 2011
                : 23 September 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Desempenho psicomotor,Gymnastics,Psychomotor performance,Motion perception,Visual perception,Ginástica,Percepção de movimento,Percepção visual

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