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      Knowledge about STD/AIDS and sexual behavior among high school students in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Translated title: Conhecimento sobre DST/AIDS e comportamento sexual entre estudantes do ensino médio no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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          Abstract

          The incidence of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is increasing among adolescents. In order to better understand high-risk sexual behavior among students, a cross-sectional study based on a self-answered anonymous questionnaire was conducted in 10 public and private high schools in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were obtained on sociodemographics, knowledge of STD/AIDS, and sexual behavior. Among 945 students aged 13-21, 59% were sexually initiated, and the median age at first sexual intercourse was 15 years (range: 7-19). Although 94% reported being aware of the need for condom use for protection, only 34% informed always using condoms during sex. Low family income was associated with unsatisfactory knowledge (OR = 9.40; 95% CI = 6.05-14.60) and inconsistent condom use (OR = 11.60; 95% CI = 5.54-24.30). However, unsatisfactory knowledge was not associated with inconsistent condom use. School-based educational programs should focus on sexual behavior more than on transmission of knowledge, as well as targeting low-income students.

          Translated abstract

          A incidência da AIDS e outras doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) vem aumentando entre adolescentes. Com o objetivo de melhor conhecer o comportamento sexual de risco entre estudantes do ensino médio, foi realizado um estudo transversal baseado em um questionário anônimo e auto-aplicado em dez escolas do Rio de Janeiro. Obtivemos dados sócio-demográficos e informações sobre o conhecimento de DST/AIDS e sobre o comportamento sexual. Entre os 945 estudantes de 13 a 21 anos, 59% já haviam iniciado a sua vida sexual. A mediana de idade da primeira relação sexual foi de 15 anos (amplitude 7-19). Embora 94% conhecessem a proteção conferida pelo uso do preservativo, somente 34% declararam usá-lo sempre. Houve associação entre baixa renda familiar e conhecimento insatisfatório (OR = 9,40; IC95% = 6,05-14,60) e do uso inconstante de preservativos (OR = 11,60; IC95% = 5,54-24,30). Não houve entretanto associação entre conhecimento insatisfatório e uso inconstante de preservativo. Programas educacionais devem focalizar o comportamento mais do que a transmissão da informação e priorizar jovens de baixa renda familiar.

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          Levels of Sexual Activity Among Adolescent Males in the United States

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            Sexual Behavior Among U.S. High School Students, 1990-1995

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              Evaluating an AIDS sexual risk reduction program for young adults in public night schools in São Paulo, Brazil.

              To describe sexual risk for HIV infection among adult night school students in São Paulo, Brazil, and to evaluate the effect of an HIV/AIDS prevention workshop to reduce sexual risk. A longitudinal study was conducted among four demographically similar public night schools in the inner city of São Paulo. Schools were randomized into intervention and control conditions. Of 394 young adults who took part in the baseline survey, 304 (77%) completed a postintervention questionnaire. In a workshop consisting of four sessions of 3 h each, the students discussed AIDS symbolism, the impact of AIDS on their lives, risk perception, the way in which sexual norms shape knowledge and attitudes, AIDS-related knowledge, reproduction and sexual pleasure, and condom use negotiation. We fostered community-building through AIDS training courses for teachers in the schools, peer support programs and public events. At baseline, 87% had been sexually active at some time and 76% had had sex in the past 6 months. Among those who reported vaginal intercourse and/or anal intercourse, condom use was low. The workshops were positively process-evaluated and supported by the community, the students, their teachers and their parents. We obtained statistically significant effects from the workshops for females only, who reported improved communication with partners about sex and AIDS and less unprotected sex with non-monogamous partners after the intervention. These data show that the sexual risk of HIV infection can be lowered when Brazilian disenfranchized communities support AIDS prevention workshops. Even more impressive results may be achieved if the need to address socioeconomic obstacles and gendered sexual roles is emphasized through further long-term community development programs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                February 2003
                : 19
                : 1
                : 127-133
                Affiliations
                [02] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameUniversidade Gama Filho orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Brasil
                [03] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Departamento de Pediatria Brasil
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameFundação Técnico-Educacional Souza Marques orgdiv1Departamento de Clínica Médica Brasil
                Article
                S0102-311X2003000100014 S0102-311X(03)01900114
                10.1590/S0102-311X2003000100014
                23e3c1d1-b3a7-4fff-a72c-3bbeda50a98b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 April 2002
                : 12 July 2002
                : 14 November 2001
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Articles

                Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,Sexually Transmitted Diseases,Sex Behavior,Adolescence,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida,Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis,Comportamento Sexual,Adolescência

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